Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>)
This is a preliminary study evaluating the effect of different fractions of Concord grapes (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) on the brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, duodenal gene expression, and specific gut bacterial populations. For this study, we utilized a unique intraamniotic approa...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/17/3539 |
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| author | Nikita Agarwal Viral Shukla Nikolai Kolba Cydney Jackson Jacquelyn Cheng Olga I. Padilla-Zakour Elad Tako |
| author_facet | Nikita Agarwal Viral Shukla Nikolai Kolba Cydney Jackson Jacquelyn Cheng Olga I. Padilla-Zakour Elad Tako |
| author_sort | Nikita Agarwal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This is a preliminary study evaluating the effect of different fractions of Concord grapes (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) on the brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, duodenal gene expression, and specific gut bacterial populations. For this study, we utilized a unique intraamniotic approach, wherein, the test substances are administered into the amnion of the <i>Gallus gallus</i> egg (on day 17). The embryo orally consumes the amniotic fluid along with the injected test substance before the hatch. We randomly divided ~50 fertilized eggs into 5 groups including 6% grape (juice, puree, and pomace) along with controls (no injection and diluent—H<sub>2</sub>O). The grape juice was prepared by crushing the grapes; the grape residues were used as pomace. The grape puree included the grape skin, endocarp, mesocarp, and juice but not the seeds. On day 21, the hatch day, the blood, pectoral muscle, liver, duodenum, and large intestine were harvested. Our results showed no significant differences in blood glucose, pectoral glycogen level, or body weight. However, significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) differences in duodenal and liver gene expression were observed between the treatment groups. The grape puree treatment resulted in higher <i>Clostridium</i> numbers and lower <i>Bifidobacterium</i> numbers when compared to all other groups. In summary, the dietary consumption of grape polyphenols has the potential to beneficially modulate aspects of intestinal health provided their concentration is limited. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b42cea7dac24420d9891ce9e98d8c8ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:25:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-b42cea7dac24420d9891ce9e98d8c8ec2023-11-23T13:52:09ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-08-011417353910.3390/nu14173539Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>)Nikita Agarwal0Viral Shukla1Nikolai Kolba2Cydney Jackson3Jacquelyn Cheng4Olga I. Padilla-Zakour5Elad Tako6Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USAThis is a preliminary study evaluating the effect of different fractions of Concord grapes (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) on the brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, duodenal gene expression, and specific gut bacterial populations. For this study, we utilized a unique intraamniotic approach, wherein, the test substances are administered into the amnion of the <i>Gallus gallus</i> egg (on day 17). The embryo orally consumes the amniotic fluid along with the injected test substance before the hatch. We randomly divided ~50 fertilized eggs into 5 groups including 6% grape (juice, puree, and pomace) along with controls (no injection and diluent—H<sub>2</sub>O). The grape juice was prepared by crushing the grapes; the grape residues were used as pomace. The grape puree included the grape skin, endocarp, mesocarp, and juice but not the seeds. On day 21, the hatch day, the blood, pectoral muscle, liver, duodenum, and large intestine were harvested. Our results showed no significant differences in blood glucose, pectoral glycogen level, or body weight. However, significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) differences in duodenal and liver gene expression were observed between the treatment groups. The grape puree treatment resulted in higher <i>Clostridium</i> numbers and lower <i>Bifidobacterium</i> numbers when compared to all other groups. In summary, the dietary consumption of grape polyphenols has the potential to beneficially modulate aspects of intestinal health provided their concentration is limited.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/17/3539grape pomacestilbenesintra-amniotic administrationpoultry feedgut microbiomebrush border membrane |
| spellingShingle | Nikita Agarwal Viral Shukla Nikolai Kolba Cydney Jackson Jacquelyn Cheng Olga I. Padilla-Zakour Elad Tako Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) Nutrients grape pomace stilbenes intra-amniotic administration poultry feed gut microbiome brush border membrane |
| title | Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) |
| title_full | Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) |
| title_short | Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape (<i>Vitis labrusca</i> L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) |
| title_sort | comparing the effects of concord grape i vitis labrusca i l puree juice and pomace on intestinal morphology functionality and bacterial populations in vivo i gallus gallus i |
| topic | grape pomace stilbenes intra-amniotic administration poultry feed gut microbiome brush border membrane |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/17/3539 |
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