| Summary: | Sustainability and lack of resources both outline need for energy storage tactics, materials, and devices. In fact, energy storage is nowadays is the most important, at the same time challenging feature in under development and developing countries. Renewable energies are focused as minimizing energy consumption, whereas maximizing storage of energies. Geopolitical features of energy storage together with wars in the middle-east and Europe borderline criticize such important topic more and more. Rechargeable batteries have widely been served and developed continuously in electronic devices as a means of storing electrical energy. Therefore, increasing the capacity and life of batteries has become a target for researchers working in this field. Enlargement of application and performance windows of batteries have become possible by the era of nanotechnology, such that new generations of rechargeable batteries enjoy from much higher efficiency and performance with respect to first-generation ones. In this article, after examining the electrochemical preparations, batteries and their types are discussed. Alkaline and lead-acid batteries and their application are also discussed on the basis of nanotechnology.
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