Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva
The control of movements is a fundamental feature shared by all animals. At the most basic level, simple movements are generated by coordinated neural activity and muscle contraction patterns that are controlled by the central nervous system. How behavioral responses to various sensory inputs are pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/2/90 |
| _version_ | 1797407524824023040 |
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| author | Swetha B. M. Gowda Safa Salim Farhan Mohammad |
| author_facet | Swetha B. M. Gowda Safa Salim Farhan Mohammad |
| author_sort | Swetha B. M. Gowda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The control of movements is a fundamental feature shared by all animals. At the most basic level, simple movements are generated by coordinated neural activity and muscle contraction patterns that are controlled by the central nervous system. How behavioral responses to various sensory inputs are processed and integrated by the downstream neural network to produce flexible and adaptive behaviors remains an intense area of investigation in many laboratories. Due to recent advances in experimental techniques, many fundamental neural pathways underlying animal movements have now been elucidated. For example, while the role of motor neurons in locomotion has been studied in great detail, the roles of interneurons in animal movements in both basic and noxious environments have only recently been realized. However, the genetic and transmitter identities of many of these interneurons remains unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of the underlying circuitry and neural pathways required by <i>Drosophila</i> larvae to produce successful movements. By improving our understanding of locomotor circuitry in model systems such as <i>Drosophila</i>, we will have a better understanding of how neural circuits in organisms with different bodies and brains lead to distinct locomotion types at the organism level. The understanding of genetic and physiological components of these movements types also provides directions to understand movements in higher organisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:42:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b437490978194ae295bcc27ebb4f72ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:42:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b437490978194ae295bcc27ebb4f72ec2023-12-03T14:38:10ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-01-011029010.3390/biology10020090Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> LarvaSwetha B. M. Gowda0Safa Salim1Farhan Mohammad2Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS), College of Health & Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha 34110, QatarDivision of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS), College of Health & Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha 34110, QatarDivision of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS), College of Health & Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha 34110, QatarThe control of movements is a fundamental feature shared by all animals. At the most basic level, simple movements are generated by coordinated neural activity and muscle contraction patterns that are controlled by the central nervous system. How behavioral responses to various sensory inputs are processed and integrated by the downstream neural network to produce flexible and adaptive behaviors remains an intense area of investigation in many laboratories. Due to recent advances in experimental techniques, many fundamental neural pathways underlying animal movements have now been elucidated. For example, while the role of motor neurons in locomotion has been studied in great detail, the roles of interneurons in animal movements in both basic and noxious environments have only recently been realized. However, the genetic and transmitter identities of many of these interneurons remains unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of the underlying circuitry and neural pathways required by <i>Drosophila</i> larvae to produce successful movements. By improving our understanding of locomotor circuitry in model systems such as <i>Drosophila</i>, we will have a better understanding of how neural circuits in organisms with different bodies and brains lead to distinct locomotion types at the organism level. The understanding of genetic and physiological components of these movements types also provides directions to understand movements in higher organisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/2/90brain circuitsneural communication<i>Drosophila</i> larvaelocomotionsensory systemsinformation processing |
| spellingShingle | Swetha B. M. Gowda Safa Salim Farhan Mohammad Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva Biology brain circuits neural communication <i>Drosophila</i> larvae locomotion sensory systems information processing |
| title | Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva |
| title_full | Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva |
| title_fullStr | Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva |
| title_short | Anatomy and Neural Pathways Modulating Distinct Locomotor Behaviors in <i>Drosophila</i> Larva |
| title_sort | anatomy and neural pathways modulating distinct locomotor behaviors in i drosophila i larva |
| topic | brain circuits neural communication <i>Drosophila</i> larvae locomotion sensory systems information processing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/2/90 |
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