| Summary: | Since Kambin and Hijikata firstly introduced the concept of percutaneous posterolateral lumbar discectomy, the technical improvement of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) has been splendid in surgical approaches, design of optics and surgical instruments. The basic concept of the percutaneous endoscopic surgery has been evolved from an indirect intradiscal decompression to a direct epidural or foraminal neural decompression. Until now, the main topic of the percutaneous endoscopic surgery is soft disc herniation. However, the indications are broadening to the degenerative lumbar stenosis. Percutaneous endoscopic decompression technique using by endoscopic burr and punches will be effective and practical for various lumbar stenosis shortly.
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