Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils
Essential oils (EOs) are well-known for their beneficial properties against a broad range of microorganisms. For the better understanding of their mechanism of action in fungi, a microarray approach was used in order to evaluate the gene expression of <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> (rece...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/6/343 |
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| author | Zuzana Kisová Andrea Šoltýsová Mária Bučková Gábor Beke Andrea Puškárová Domenico Pangallo |
| author_facet | Zuzana Kisová Andrea Šoltýsová Mária Bučková Gábor Beke Andrea Puškárová Domenico Pangallo |
| author_sort | Zuzana Kisová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Essential oils (EOs) are well-known for their beneficial properties against a broad range of microorganisms. For the better understanding of their mechanism of action in fungi, a microarray approach was used in order to evaluate the gene expression of <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> (recently renamed <i>P. rubens</i>) exposed to the indirect contact (vapors) of eight EOs. The selection of assayed EOs was based on their antifungal activity. The extraction of RNA and the microarray hybridization procedure were optimized for the analysis of <i>P. rubens.</i> Gene ontology annotation was performed to investigate the functional analysis of the genes. To uncover the metabolic pathway of these differentially expressed genes, they were mapped into the KEGG BRITE pathway database. The transcriptomic analysis showed that, from a total of 12,675 genes, only 551 genes are annotated, and the other 12,124 genes encoded hypothetical proteins. Further bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that 1350 genes were upregulated and 765 downregulated at least with half (four) of the utilizing EOs. A microarray investigation has confirmed the main impact of EOs to metabolic processes in <i>P. rubens</i> involved in vital functions. Presumably, this is the first time that a microarray hybridization analysis was performed in order to evaluate the gene expression of <i>P. rubens</i> exposed to various EOs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:03:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b44f12a7720b4e4597ffe0d978bd8c54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:03:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b44f12a7720b4e4597ffe0d978bd8c542023-11-20T04:18:53ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-06-019634310.3390/antibiotics9060343Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential OilsZuzana Kisová0Andrea Šoltýsová1Mária Bučková2Gábor Beke3Andrea Puškárová4Domenico Pangallo5Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences of Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, SlovakiaEssential oils (EOs) are well-known for their beneficial properties against a broad range of microorganisms. For the better understanding of their mechanism of action in fungi, a microarray approach was used in order to evaluate the gene expression of <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> (recently renamed <i>P. rubens</i>) exposed to the indirect contact (vapors) of eight EOs. The selection of assayed EOs was based on their antifungal activity. The extraction of RNA and the microarray hybridization procedure were optimized for the analysis of <i>P. rubens.</i> Gene ontology annotation was performed to investigate the functional analysis of the genes. To uncover the metabolic pathway of these differentially expressed genes, they were mapped into the KEGG BRITE pathway database. The transcriptomic analysis showed that, from a total of 12,675 genes, only 551 genes are annotated, and the other 12,124 genes encoded hypothetical proteins. Further bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that 1350 genes were upregulated and 765 downregulated at least with half (four) of the utilizing EOs. A microarray investigation has confirmed the main impact of EOs to metabolic processes in <i>P. rubens</i> involved in vital functions. Presumably, this is the first time that a microarray hybridization analysis was performed in order to evaluate the gene expression of <i>P. rubens</i> exposed to various EOs.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/6/343<i>Penicillium rubens</i>essential oilsgrowth inhibitionRNA microarraygene expressionmetabolic pathway analysis |
| spellingShingle | Zuzana Kisová Andrea Šoltýsová Mária Bučková Gábor Beke Andrea Puškárová Domenico Pangallo Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils Antibiotics <i>Penicillium rubens</i> essential oils growth inhibition RNA microarray gene expression metabolic pathway analysis |
| title | Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils |
| title_full | Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils |
| title_fullStr | Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils |
| title_short | Studying the Gene Expression of <i>Penicillium rubens</i> Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils |
| title_sort | studying the gene expression of i penicillium rubens i under the effect of eight essential oils |
| topic | <i>Penicillium rubens</i> essential oils growth inhibition RNA microarray gene expression metabolic pathway analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/6/343 |
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