Obesity and cancer
For the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recentl...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University Hospital for Tumors
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Libri Oncologici |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258 |
| _version_ | 1797207091393331200 |
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| author | Franjo Cmrečak Iva Andrašek Višnja Gregov Lidija Beketić-Orešković |
| author_facet | Franjo Cmrečak Iva Andrašek Višnja Gregov Lidija Beketić-Orešković |
| author_sort | Franjo Cmrečak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recently. According to the epidemiological data analysis, the connection between obesity and increased risk of numerous cancers has been established. Estimations are that a change in lifestyle and diet can prevent 30-50% of malignant diseases. After smoking, obesity is the second largest preventable cause of cancer. Obesity affects the quality of life and increases the risk of cancer recurrence and cancer-related mortality. By reducing body mass and avoiding gaining weight during adulthood, the risk of getting cancer is lowered. Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of physical activity during and after cancer treatment. Obesity influences cancer development; however, the mechanisms responsible for it are still unclear. It is considered that chronic inflammation, caused by the overabundance of nutrients, increases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. It has been discovered that adipocytes have an important endocrine role; they synthesize numerous hormones and adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. High levels of leptons and low levels of adiponectin can activate intracellular signaling pathways involving malignant cells’ development. An important part of cancer development can be attributed to insulin metabolism, insulin-like growth factors, and sex hormones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:17:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4855d8b8a334444b30bac80ddb3ee89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0300-8142 2584-3826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:17:24Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | University Hospital for Tumors |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Libri Oncologici |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4855d8b8a334444b30bac80ddb3ee892024-04-15T16:45:18ZengUniversity Hospital for TumorsLibri Oncologici0300-81422584-38262020-01-01482-38910210.20471/LO.2020.48.02-03.16Obesity and cancerFranjo Cmrečak0Iva Andrašek1Višnja Gregov2Lidija Beketić-Orešković3Division of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Oncology and Radiotherapy. University Hospital for Tumors, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaFor the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of the obesity pandemic worldwide and, simultaneously, the increase of incidence of malignant diseases. The effects of obesity and overweight on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality started to be meticulously researched only recently. According to the epidemiological data analysis, the connection between obesity and increased risk of numerous cancers has been established. Estimations are that a change in lifestyle and diet can prevent 30-50% of malignant diseases. After smoking, obesity is the second largest preventable cause of cancer. Obesity affects the quality of life and increases the risk of cancer recurrence and cancer-related mortality. By reducing body mass and avoiding gaining weight during adulthood, the risk of getting cancer is lowered. Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of physical activity during and after cancer treatment. Obesity influences cancer development; however, the mechanisms responsible for it are still unclear. It is considered that chronic inflammation, caused by the overabundance of nutrients, increases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. It has been discovered that adipocytes have an important endocrine role; they synthesize numerous hormones and adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. High levels of leptons and low levels of adiponectin can activate intracellular signaling pathways involving malignant cells’ development. An important part of cancer development can be attributed to insulin metabolism, insulin-like growth factors, and sex hormones.https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258obesitycancermechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Franjo Cmrečak Iva Andrašek Višnja Gregov Lidija Beketić-Orešković Obesity and cancer Libri Oncologici obesity cancer mechanisms |
| title | Obesity and cancer |
| title_full | Obesity and cancer |
| title_fullStr | Obesity and cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obesity and cancer |
| title_short | Obesity and cancer |
| title_sort | obesity and cancer |
| topic | obesity cancer mechanisms |
| url | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364258 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franjocmrecak obesityandcancer AT ivaandrasek obesityandcancer AT visnjagregov obesityandcancer AT lidijabeketicoreskovic obesityandcancer |