Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia.
The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of a semi-automated scoring system for the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale (TWSTRS) severity scale in patients with cervical dystonia. The TWSTRS requires training and experience. We previously developed a system to measure neck angl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2019-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219758 |
| _version_ | 1818678040275714048 |
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| author | Takuto Nakamura Satoko Sekimoto Genko Oyama Yasushi Shimo Nobutaka Hattori Hiroyuki Kajimoto |
| author_facet | Takuto Nakamura Satoko Sekimoto Genko Oyama Yasushi Shimo Nobutaka Hattori Hiroyuki Kajimoto |
| author_sort | Takuto Nakamura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of a semi-automated scoring system for the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale (TWSTRS) severity scale in patients with cervical dystonia. The TWSTRS requires training and experience. We previously developed a system to measure neck angle by analyzing three-dimensional position, obtained using Kinect, a marker-less three-dimensional depth sensor. The system can track patients' faces and bodies, automatically analyze neck angles, and semi-automatically calculate the TWSTRS severity scale score. We compared the TWSTRS severity scale scores calculated by the system with the video-based scores calculated by a neurologist trained in movement disorders. A correlation coefficient analysis was then conducted. Absolute accuracy was measured using intra-class correlation (ICC) (3,1), with 95% limits of agreement. To analyze the subscales, Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) was calculated. A p-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. Thirty patients were enrolled. Their average age was 52.3±16.0 years, and the male to female ratio was 3:2. The average disease duration was 11.3±12.7 years. Total score measurements by the system were significantly correlated with those rated by the movement disorder-trained neurologist (r = .596, p < .05). There was a significant correlation (r = .655, p < .05) with regard to the automated part of the scale. An adequate ICC (3,1) of .562 was obtained for total severity score (p < .001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .259-.765), while the equivalent score was .617 for the total automated part (p < .001, 95% CI .336-.798). Our three-dimensional motion capture system, which can measure head angles and semi-automatically calculate the TWSTRS severity scale score utilizing a single-depth camera, demonstrated adequate validity and reliability. This low-cost and portable system could be applied by general practitioners treating cervical dystonia to obtain objective measurements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T09:08:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4928b21a60c44ae9bf41e8edd554b3d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T09:08:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4928b21a60c44ae9bf41e8edd554b3d2022-12-21T21:55:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032019-01-01148e021975810.1371/journal.pone.0219758Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia.Takuto NakamuraSatoko SekimotoGenko OyamaYasushi ShimoNobutaka HattoriHiroyuki KajimotoThe objective of this study is to test the feasibility of a semi-automated scoring system for the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale (TWSTRS) severity scale in patients with cervical dystonia. The TWSTRS requires training and experience. We previously developed a system to measure neck angle by analyzing three-dimensional position, obtained using Kinect, a marker-less three-dimensional depth sensor. The system can track patients' faces and bodies, automatically analyze neck angles, and semi-automatically calculate the TWSTRS severity scale score. We compared the TWSTRS severity scale scores calculated by the system with the video-based scores calculated by a neurologist trained in movement disorders. A correlation coefficient analysis was then conducted. Absolute accuracy was measured using intra-class correlation (ICC) (3,1), with 95% limits of agreement. To analyze the subscales, Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) was calculated. A p-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. Thirty patients were enrolled. Their average age was 52.3±16.0 years, and the male to female ratio was 3:2. The average disease duration was 11.3±12.7 years. Total score measurements by the system were significantly correlated with those rated by the movement disorder-trained neurologist (r = .596, p < .05). There was a significant correlation (r = .655, p < .05) with regard to the automated part of the scale. An adequate ICC (3,1) of .562 was obtained for total severity score (p < .001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .259-.765), while the equivalent score was .617 for the total automated part (p < .001, 95% CI .336-.798). Our three-dimensional motion capture system, which can measure head angles and semi-automatically calculate the TWSTRS severity scale score utilizing a single-depth camera, demonstrated adequate validity and reliability. This low-cost and portable system could be applied by general practitioners treating cervical dystonia to obtain objective measurements.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219758 |
| spellingShingle | Takuto Nakamura Satoko Sekimoto Genko Oyama Yasushi Shimo Nobutaka Hattori Hiroyuki Kajimoto Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. PLoS ONE |
| title | Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. |
| title_full | Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. |
| title_fullStr | Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. |
| title_short | Pilot feasibility study of a semi-automated three-dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia. |
| title_sort | pilot feasibility study of a semi automated three dimensional scoring system for cervical dystonia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219758 |
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