Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D
One of the most promising therapeutic approaches for numerous hematological malignancies represents the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). One major complication is the development of the life-threatening graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) which limits beneficial effects of g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02586/full |
| _version_ | 1818160181779890176 |
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| author | Cindy Flamann Katrin Peter Marina Kreutz Heiko Bruns |
| author_facet | Cindy Flamann Katrin Peter Marina Kreutz Heiko Bruns |
| author_sort | Cindy Flamann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the most promising therapeutic approaches for numerous hematological malignancies represents the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). One major complication is the development of the life-threatening graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) which limits beneficial effects of graft-vs.-leukemia (GvL) responses during allo-HSCT. Strengthening GvL effects without induction of severe GvHD is essential to decrease the relapse rate after allo-HSCT. An interesting player in this context is vitamin D3 since it has modulatory capacity in both preventing GvHD and boosting GvL responses. Current studies claim that vitamin D3 induces an immunosuppressive environment by dendritic cell (DC)-dependent generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Since vitamin D3 is known to support the antimicrobial defense by re-establishing the physical barrier as well as releasing defensins and antimicrobial peptides, it might also improve graft-vs.-infection (GvI) effects in patients. Beyond that, alloreactive T cells might be attenuated by vitamin D3-mediated inhibition of proliferation and activation. Despite the inhibitory effects of vitamin D3 on T cells, anti-tumor responses of GvL might be reinforced by vitamin D3-triggered phagocytic activity and antibody-based immunotherapy. Therefore, vitamin D3 treatment does not only lead to a shift from a pro-inflammatory toward a tolerogenic state but also promotes tumoricidal activity of immune cells. In this review we focus on vitamin D3 and its immunomodulatory effects by enhancing anti-tumor activity while alleviating harmful allogeneic responses in order to restore the immune balance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:57:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b493a211640943ba81076053e2332b48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:57:48Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b493a211640943ba81076053e2332b482022-12-22T00:59:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-11-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.02586481593Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin DCindy Flamann0Katrin Peter1Marina Kreutz2Heiko Bruns3Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine III – Hematology and Internal Oncology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine III – Hematology and Internal Oncology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, GermanyOne of the most promising therapeutic approaches for numerous hematological malignancies represents the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). One major complication is the development of the life-threatening graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) which limits beneficial effects of graft-vs.-leukemia (GvL) responses during allo-HSCT. Strengthening GvL effects without induction of severe GvHD is essential to decrease the relapse rate after allo-HSCT. An interesting player in this context is vitamin D3 since it has modulatory capacity in both preventing GvHD and boosting GvL responses. Current studies claim that vitamin D3 induces an immunosuppressive environment by dendritic cell (DC)-dependent generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Since vitamin D3 is known to support the antimicrobial defense by re-establishing the physical barrier as well as releasing defensins and antimicrobial peptides, it might also improve graft-vs.-infection (GvI) effects in patients. Beyond that, alloreactive T cells might be attenuated by vitamin D3-mediated inhibition of proliferation and activation. Despite the inhibitory effects of vitamin D3 on T cells, anti-tumor responses of GvL might be reinforced by vitamin D3-triggered phagocytic activity and antibody-based immunotherapy. Therefore, vitamin D3 treatment does not only lead to a shift from a pro-inflammatory toward a tolerogenic state but also promotes tumoricidal activity of immune cells. In this review we focus on vitamin D3 and its immunomodulatory effects by enhancing anti-tumor activity while alleviating harmful allogeneic responses in order to restore the immune balance.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02586/fullvitamin DGvHGvLimmune balancemacrophagesT cells |
| spellingShingle | Cindy Flamann Katrin Peter Marina Kreutz Heiko Bruns Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D Frontiers in Immunology vitamin D GvH GvL immune balance macrophages T cells |
| title | Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D |
| title_full | Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D |
| title_short | Regulation of the Immune Balance During Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Vitamin D |
| title_sort | regulation of the immune balance during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation by vitamin d |
| topic | vitamin D GvH GvL immune balance macrophages T cells |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02586/full |
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