| Summary: | <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> is a major pest that causes serious damage to many fruits. Although phytosanitary treatment methods have been developed for <i>Bactrocera</i> control, there is a lack of information related to the gene expression pattern of <i>B</i>. <i>dorsalis</i> subjected to phytosanitary treatment conditions. Prior to quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of the most stable reference genes in <i>B. dorsalis</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae), <i>B. dorsalis</i> third-instar larvae were exposed to various phytosanitary treatments; seven candidate reference genes (18S, G6PDH, GAPDH, RPL-13, RPL-32, RPS-3, and α-Tub) were amplified and their expression stabilities were evaluated using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder algorithms. Different reference genes were found under different stress conditions. G6PDH was the most stable gene after heat treatment. After cold treatment, α-Tub exhibited the highest expression stability. G6PDH expression stability was the highest after fumigation with methyl bromide. RPL-32 showed the highest expression stability after irradiation treatment. Collectively, RefFinder analysis results revealed G6PDH and RPL-32 as the most suitable genes for analyzing phytosanitary treatment in <i>B. dorsalis</i>. This study provides an experimental basis for further gene expression analyses in <i>B. dorsalis</i> subjected to various phytosanitary treatments, which can aid in the development of novel phytosanitary treatments against insect pests.
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