The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation
Carcinogenesis as well as cancer progression result from genetic and epigenetic changes of the genome that leads to dysregulation of transcriptional activity of genes. Epigenetic mechanisms in cancer cells comprise (i) post-translation histone modification (i.e., deacetylation and methylation); (ii)...
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MDPI AG
2015-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/12/26195 |
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| author | Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk Grzegorz Majewski Katarzyna Lubecka-Pietruszewska Krystyna Fabianowska-Majewska |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk Grzegorz Majewski Katarzyna Lubecka-Pietruszewska Krystyna Fabianowska-Majewska |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carcinogenesis as well as cancer progression result from genetic and epigenetic changes of the genome that leads to dysregulation of transcriptional activity of genes. Epigenetic mechanisms in cancer cells comprise (i) post-translation histone modification (i.e., deacetylation and methylation); (ii) DNA global hypomethylation; (iii) promoter hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes and genes important for cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation and apoptosis; and (iv) posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by noncoding microRNA. These epigenetic aberrations can be readily reversible and responsive to both synthetic agents and natural components of diet. A source of one of such diet components are cruciferous vegetables, which contain high levels of a number of glucosinolates and deliver, after enzymatic hydrolysis, sulforaphane and other bioactive isothiocyanates, that are involved in effective up-regulation of transcriptional activity of certain genes and also in restoration of active chromatin structure. Thus a consumption of cruciferous vegetables, treated as a source of isothiocyanates, seems to be potentially useful as an effective cancer preventive factor or as a source of nutrients improving efficacy of standard chemotherapies. In this review an attempt is made to elucidate the role of sulforaphane in regulation of gene promoter activity through a direct down-regulation of histone deacetylase activity and alteration of gene promoter methylation in indirect ways, but the sulforaphane influence on non-coding micro-RNA will not be a subject of this review. |
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| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4a1363453c7425486681cd7bf0d8ed52022-12-22T02:56:22ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672015-12-011612297322974310.3390/ijms161226195ijms161226195The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA MethylationAgnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk0Grzegorz Majewski1Katarzyna Lubecka-Pietruszewska2Krystyna Fabianowska-Majewska3Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka St., 92-215 Lodz, PolandFaculty of Public Health, University of Social Sciences in Lodz, 9 Sienkiewicza St., 90-113 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka St., 92-215 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka St., 92-215 Lodz, PolandCarcinogenesis as well as cancer progression result from genetic and epigenetic changes of the genome that leads to dysregulation of transcriptional activity of genes. Epigenetic mechanisms in cancer cells comprise (i) post-translation histone modification (i.e., deacetylation and methylation); (ii) DNA global hypomethylation; (iii) promoter hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes and genes important for cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation and apoptosis; and (iv) posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by noncoding microRNA. These epigenetic aberrations can be readily reversible and responsive to both synthetic agents and natural components of diet. A source of one of such diet components are cruciferous vegetables, which contain high levels of a number of glucosinolates and deliver, after enzymatic hydrolysis, sulforaphane and other bioactive isothiocyanates, that are involved in effective up-regulation of transcriptional activity of certain genes and also in restoration of active chromatin structure. Thus a consumption of cruciferous vegetables, treated as a source of isothiocyanates, seems to be potentially useful as an effective cancer preventive factor or as a source of nutrients improving efficacy of standard chemotherapies. In this review an attempt is made to elucidate the role of sulforaphane in regulation of gene promoter activity through a direct down-regulation of histone deacetylase activity and alteration of gene promoter methylation in indirect ways, but the sulforaphane influence on non-coding micro-RNA will not be a subject of this review.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/12/26195cruciferous vegetablesisothiocyanatessulforaphaneepigenetic cancer chemoprevention |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk Grzegorz Majewski Katarzyna Lubecka-Pietruszewska Krystyna Fabianowska-Majewska The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation International Journal of Molecular Sciences cruciferous vegetables isothiocyanates sulforaphane epigenetic cancer chemoprevention |
| title | The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation |
| title_full | The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation |
| title_short | The Role of Sulforaphane in Epigenetic Mechanisms, Including Interdependence between Histone Modification and DNA Methylation |
| title_sort | role of sulforaphane in epigenetic mechanisms including interdependence between histone modification and dna methylation |
| topic | cruciferous vegetables isothiocyanates sulforaphane epigenetic cancer chemoprevention |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/12/26195 |
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