Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019
Abstract Objectives Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of the global burden of various diseases resulting from lead exposure is critical for controlling lead pollution and disease prevention. Methods Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework and methodology, the global, regi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15874-7 |
| _version_ | 1797801196125159424 |
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| author | Tongtong Xu Kangqian Lin Miao Cao Xinlu Miao Heng Guo Dongsheng Rui Yunhua Hu Yizhong Yan |
| author_facet | Tongtong Xu Kangqian Lin Miao Cao Xinlu Miao Heng Guo Dongsheng Rui Yunhua Hu Yizhong Yan |
| author_sort | Tongtong Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of the global burden of various diseases resulting from lead exposure is critical for controlling lead pollution and disease prevention. Methods Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework and methodology, the global, regional, and national burden of 13 level-three diseases attributable to lead exposure were analyzed by disease type, patient age and sex, and year of occurrence. Population attributable fraction (PAF), deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) obtained from the GBD 2019 database were used as descriptive indicators, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated by a log-linear regression model to reflect the time trend. Results and conclusions From 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths and DALYs resulting from lead exposure increased by 70.19% and 35.26%, respectively; however, the ASMR and ASDR decreased by 20.66% and 29.23%, respectively. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) showed the highest increases in deaths; IHD, stroke, and diabetes and kidney disease (DKD) had the fastest-growing DALYs. The fastest decline in ASMR and ASDR was seen in stroke, with AAPCs of -1.25 (95% CI [95% confidence interval]: -1.36, -1.14) and -1.66 (95% CI: -1.76, -1.57), respectively. High PAFs occurred mainly in South Asia, East Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. Age-specific PAFs of DKD resulting from lead exposure were positively correlated with age, whereas the opposite was true for mental disorders (MD), with the burden of lead-induced MD concentrated in children aged 0–6 years. The AAPCs of ASMR and ASDR showed a strong negative correlation with the socio-demographic index. Our findings showed that the global impact of lead exposure and its burden increased from 1990 to 2019 and varied significantly according to age, sex, region, and resulting disease. Effective public health measures and policies should be adopted to prevent and control lead exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:47:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4a34987fa514bf89ee6cd2181d328a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:47:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4a34987fa514bf89ee6cd2181d328a42023-06-18T11:26:46ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582023-06-0123111410.1186/s12889-023-15874-7Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019Tongtong Xu0Kangqian Lin1Miao Cao2Xinlu Miao3Heng Guo4Dongsheng Rui5Yunhua Hu6Yizhong Yan7Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityAbstract Objectives Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of the global burden of various diseases resulting from lead exposure is critical for controlling lead pollution and disease prevention. Methods Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework and methodology, the global, regional, and national burden of 13 level-three diseases attributable to lead exposure were analyzed by disease type, patient age and sex, and year of occurrence. Population attributable fraction (PAF), deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) obtained from the GBD 2019 database were used as descriptive indicators, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated by a log-linear regression model to reflect the time trend. Results and conclusions From 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths and DALYs resulting from lead exposure increased by 70.19% and 35.26%, respectively; however, the ASMR and ASDR decreased by 20.66% and 29.23%, respectively. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) showed the highest increases in deaths; IHD, stroke, and diabetes and kidney disease (DKD) had the fastest-growing DALYs. The fastest decline in ASMR and ASDR was seen in stroke, with AAPCs of -1.25 (95% CI [95% confidence interval]: -1.36, -1.14) and -1.66 (95% CI: -1.76, -1.57), respectively. High PAFs occurred mainly in South Asia, East Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. Age-specific PAFs of DKD resulting from lead exposure were positively correlated with age, whereas the opposite was true for mental disorders (MD), with the burden of lead-induced MD concentrated in children aged 0–6 years. The AAPCs of ASMR and ASDR showed a strong negative correlation with the socio-demographic index. Our findings showed that the global impact of lead exposure and its burden increased from 1990 to 2019 and varied significantly according to age, sex, region, and resulting disease. Effective public health measures and policies should be adopted to prevent and control lead exposure.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15874-7Global burdenLead exposureAttribution analysisEpidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Tongtong Xu Kangqian Lin Miao Cao Xinlu Miao Heng Guo Dongsheng Rui Yunhua Hu Yizhong Yan Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 BMC Public Health Global burden Lead exposure Attribution analysis Epidemiology |
| title | Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 |
| title_full | Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 |
| title_fullStr | Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 |
| title_short | Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019 |
| title_sort | patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure 1990 2019 |
| topic | Global burden Lead exposure Attribution analysis Epidemiology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15874-7 |
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