Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications
Yohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Yohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health S...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/obesity-insulin-resistance-and-type-2-diabetes-associations-and-therap-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
| _version_ | 1797935637247033344 |
|---|---|
| author | Wondmkun YT |
| author_facet | Wondmkun YT |
| author_sort | Wondmkun YT |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Yohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Yohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health SciencesAddis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaEmail yonitse2015@gmail.comAbstract: Obesity is a triggering factor for diabetes associated with insulin resistance. In individuals who are obese, higher amounts of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, and pro-inflammatory cytokines that could participate in the development of insulin resistance are released by adipose tissue. Besides, endoplasmic reticulum stress, adipose tissue hypoxia, oxidative stress, lipodystrophy, and genetic background have a role in insulin resistance. However, no effective drug therapy was developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus targeting these physiological factors. This is might be due to a lack of agreement on the comprehensive mechanism of insulin resistance. Therefore, this review assesses the cellular components of each physiologic and pathophysiologic factors that are involved in obesity associated insulin resistance, and may encourage further drug development in this field.Keywords: obesity, insulin, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:17:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4a6202929514210bc2a00f9afdc63dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:17:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4a6202929514210bc2a00f9afdc63dc2023-02-02T08:31:22ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072020-10-01Volume 133611361657940Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic ImplicationsWondmkun YTYohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Yohannes Tsegyie Wondmkun Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health SciencesAddis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaEmail yonitse2015@gmail.comAbstract: Obesity is a triggering factor for diabetes associated with insulin resistance. In individuals who are obese, higher amounts of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, and pro-inflammatory cytokines that could participate in the development of insulin resistance are released by adipose tissue. Besides, endoplasmic reticulum stress, adipose tissue hypoxia, oxidative stress, lipodystrophy, and genetic background have a role in insulin resistance. However, no effective drug therapy was developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus targeting these physiological factors. This is might be due to a lack of agreement on the comprehensive mechanism of insulin resistance. Therefore, this review assesses the cellular components of each physiologic and pathophysiologic factors that are involved in obesity associated insulin resistance, and may encourage further drug development in this field.Keywords: obesity, insulin, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitushttps://www.dovepress.com/obesity-insulin-resistance-and-type-2-diabetes-associations-and-therap-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOobesityinsulininsulin resistancetype 2 diabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Wondmkun YT Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity obesity insulin insulin resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title | Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_full | Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_fullStr | Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_short | Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes: Associations and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_sort | obesity insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes associations and therapeutic implications |
| topic | obesity insulin insulin resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/obesity-insulin-resistance-and-type-2-diabetes-associations-and-therap-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wondmkunyt obesityinsulinresistanceandtype2diabetesassociationsandtherapeuticimplications |