Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming
Predicted ocean acidification and warming are likely to have major implications for marine organisms, especially marine calcifiers. However, little information is available on the response of marine benthic communities as a whole to predicted changes. Here, we experimentally examined the combine...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5359/2017/bg-14-5359-2017.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828287718215385088 |
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| author | E. Legrand E. Legrand P. Riera P. Riera M. Lutier M. Lutier J. Coudret J. Coudret J. Grall S. Martin S. Martin |
| author_facet | E. Legrand E. Legrand P. Riera P. Riera M. Lutier M. Lutier J. Coudret J. Coudret J. Grall S. Martin S. Martin |
| author_sort | E. Legrand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Predicted ocean acidification and warming are likely to have major
implications for marine organisms, especially marine calcifiers. However,
little information is available on the response of marine benthic communities
as a whole to predicted changes. Here, we experimentally examined the
combined effects of temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide
(<i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) increases on the response of maerl bed assemblages, composed of
living and dead thalli of the free-living coralline alga
<i>Lithothamnion corallioides</i>, epiphytic fleshy algae, and grazer
species. Two 3-month experiments were performed in the winter and summer
seasons in mesocosms with four different combinations of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> (ambient
and high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) and temperature (ambient and +3 °C). The
response of maerl assemblages was assessed using metabolic measurements at
the species and assemblage scales. This study suggests that seasonal
variability represents an important driver influencing the magnitude and the
direction of species and community response to climate change. Gross primary
production and respiration of assemblages was enhanced by high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>
conditions in the summer. This positive effect was attributed to the increase
in epiphyte biomass, which benefited from higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations for
growth and primary production. Conversely, high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> drastically
decreased the calcification rates in assemblages. This response can be
attributed to the decline in calcification rates of living <i>L.
corallioides</i> due to acidification and increased dissolution of dead
<i>L. corallioides</i>. Future changes in <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature are
likely to promote the development of non-calcifying algae to the detriment of
the engineer species <i>L. corallioides</i>. The development of fleshy
algae may be modulated by the ability of grazers to regulate epiphyte growth.
However, our results suggest that predicted changes will negatively affect
the metabolism of grazers and potentially their ability to control epiphyte
abundance. We show here that the effects of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature
on maerl bed communities were weakened when these factors were combined. This
underlines the importance of examining multi-factorial approaches and
community-level processes, which integrate species interactions, to better
understand the impact of global change on marine ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:52:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4a99d5b95c541afa0ee75f30fca1661 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:52:18Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4a99d5b95c541afa0ee75f30fca16612022-12-22T02:51:33ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892017-11-01145359537610.5194/bg-14-5359-2017Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warmingE. Legrand0E. Legrand1P. Riera2P. Riera3M. Lutier4M. Lutier5J. Coudret6J. Coudret7J. Grall8S. Martin9S. Martin10Sorbonne University, UPMC, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceCNRS, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceSorbonne University, UPMC, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceCNRS, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceSorbonne University, UPMC, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceCNRS, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceSorbonne University, UPMC, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceCNRS, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceUBO, IUEM, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, FranceSorbonne University, UPMC, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FranceCNRS, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, FrancePredicted ocean acidification and warming are likely to have major implications for marine organisms, especially marine calcifiers. However, little information is available on the response of marine benthic communities as a whole to predicted changes. Here, we experimentally examined the combined effects of temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (<i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) increases on the response of maerl bed assemblages, composed of living and dead thalli of the free-living coralline alga <i>Lithothamnion corallioides</i>, epiphytic fleshy algae, and grazer species. Two 3-month experiments were performed in the winter and summer seasons in mesocosms with four different combinations of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> (ambient and high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) and temperature (ambient and +3 °C). The response of maerl assemblages was assessed using metabolic measurements at the species and assemblage scales. This study suggests that seasonal variability represents an important driver influencing the magnitude and the direction of species and community response to climate change. Gross primary production and respiration of assemblages was enhanced by high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions in the summer. This positive effect was attributed to the increase in epiphyte biomass, which benefited from higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations for growth and primary production. Conversely, high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> drastically decreased the calcification rates in assemblages. This response can be attributed to the decline in calcification rates of living <i>L. corallioides</i> due to acidification and increased dissolution of dead <i>L. corallioides</i>. Future changes in <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature are likely to promote the development of non-calcifying algae to the detriment of the engineer species <i>L. corallioides</i>. The development of fleshy algae may be modulated by the ability of grazers to regulate epiphyte growth. However, our results suggest that predicted changes will negatively affect the metabolism of grazers and potentially their ability to control epiphyte abundance. We show here that the effects of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on maerl bed communities were weakened when these factors were combined. This underlines the importance of examining multi-factorial approaches and community-level processes, which integrate species interactions, to better understand the impact of global change on marine ecosystems.https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5359/2017/bg-14-5359-2017.pdf |
| spellingShingle | E. Legrand E. Legrand P. Riera P. Riera M. Lutier M. Lutier J. Coudret J. Coudret J. Grall S. Martin S. Martin Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming Biogeosciences |
| title | Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| title_full | Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| title_fullStr | Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| title_short | Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| title_sort | species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming |
| url | https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/5359/2017/bg-14-5359-2017.pdf |
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