The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection
Bacterial biofilm prevention and eradication are common treatment problems, hence there is a need for advanced and precise experimental methods for its monitoring. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has resulted in an interest in using a natural bacterial enemy—bacteriophages. In this study, we pre...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/407 |
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| author | Grzegorz Guła Paulina Szymanowska Tomasz Piasecki Sylwia Góras Teodor Gotszalk Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa |
| author_facet | Grzegorz Guła Paulina Szymanowska Tomasz Piasecki Sylwia Góras Teodor Gotszalk Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa |
| author_sort | Grzegorz Guła |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial biofilm prevention and eradication are common treatment problems, hence there is a need for advanced and precise experimental methods for its monitoring. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has resulted in an interest in using a natural bacterial enemy—bacteriophages. In this study, we present the application of quartz tuning forks (QTF) as impedance sensors to determine in real-time the direct changes in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilm growth dynamics during <i>Pseudomonas</i> phage LUZ 19 treatment at different multiplicities of infection (MOI). The impedance of the electric equivalent circuit (EEC) allowed us to measure the series resistance (Rs) corresponding to the growth-medium resistance (planktonic culture changes) and the conductance (G) corresponding to the level of QTF sensor surface coverage by bacterial cells and the extracellular polymer structure (EPS) matrix. It was shown that phage impacts on sessile cells (G dynamics) was very similar in the 10-day biofilm development regardless of applied MOI (0.1, 1 or 10). The application of phages at an early stage (at the sixth h) and on three-day biofilm caused a significant slowdown in biofilm dynamics, whereas the two-day biofilm turned out to be insensitive to phage infection. We observed an inhibitory effect of phage infection on the planktonic culture (Rs dynamics) regardless of the MOI applied and the time point of infection. Moreover, the Rs parameter made it possible to detect PAO1 population regrowth at the latest time points of incubation. The number of phage-insensitive forms reached the level of untreated culture at around the sixth day of infection. We conclude that the proposed impedance spectroscopy technique can be used to measure the physiological changes in the biofilm matrix composition, as well as the condition of planktonic cultures in order to evaluate the activity of anti-biofilm compounds. |
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| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:37:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4b4ac8f6880414e8c9bebd2cd78dbfe2023-11-19T20:56:16ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-04-0112440710.3390/v12040407The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage InfectionGrzegorz Guła0Paulina Szymanowska1Tomasz Piasecki2Sylwia Góras3Teodor Gotszalk4Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa5Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Nanometrology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Nanometrology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Nanometrology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, 51-148 Wroclaw, PolandBacterial biofilm prevention and eradication are common treatment problems, hence there is a need for advanced and precise experimental methods for its monitoring. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has resulted in an interest in using a natural bacterial enemy—bacteriophages. In this study, we present the application of quartz tuning forks (QTF) as impedance sensors to determine in real-time the direct changes in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilm growth dynamics during <i>Pseudomonas</i> phage LUZ 19 treatment at different multiplicities of infection (MOI). The impedance of the electric equivalent circuit (EEC) allowed us to measure the series resistance (Rs) corresponding to the growth-medium resistance (planktonic culture changes) and the conductance (G) corresponding to the level of QTF sensor surface coverage by bacterial cells and the extracellular polymer structure (EPS) matrix. It was shown that phage impacts on sessile cells (G dynamics) was very similar in the 10-day biofilm development regardless of applied MOI (0.1, 1 or 10). The application of phages at an early stage (at the sixth h) and on three-day biofilm caused a significant slowdown in biofilm dynamics, whereas the two-day biofilm turned out to be insensitive to phage infection. We observed an inhibitory effect of phage infection on the planktonic culture (Rs dynamics) regardless of the MOI applied and the time point of infection. Moreover, the Rs parameter made it possible to detect PAO1 population regrowth at the latest time points of incubation. The number of phage-insensitive forms reached the level of untreated culture at around the sixth day of infection. We conclude that the proposed impedance spectroscopy technique can be used to measure the physiological changes in the biofilm matrix composition, as well as the condition of planktonic cultures in order to evaluate the activity of anti-biofilm compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/407<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>phage LUZ19biofilmquartz tuning forksimpedance spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Grzegorz Guła Paulina Szymanowska Tomasz Piasecki Sylwia Góras Teodor Gotszalk Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection Viruses <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> phage LUZ19 biofilm quartz tuning forks impedance spectroscopy |
| title | The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection |
| title_full | The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection |
| title_fullStr | The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection |
| title_short | The Application of Impedance Spectroscopy for <i>Pseudomonas</i> Biofilm Monitoring during Phage Infection |
| title_sort | application of impedance spectroscopy for i pseudomonas i biofilm monitoring during phage infection |
| topic | <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> phage LUZ19 biofilm quartz tuning forks impedance spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/407 |
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