Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy
The knowledge of raptor pathogens and associated lesions may be extremely important to enhancing raptor conservation efforts and reducing pathogen spillover to humans and domesticated animals and vice versa. Parasite infections of the digestive system and associated bacteria and pathological changes...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/12/1567 |
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| author | Giacomo Rossi Giuliana Terracciano Riccardo Gherardi Livio Galosi Stefania Perrucci |
| author_facet | Giacomo Rossi Giuliana Terracciano Riccardo Gherardi Livio Galosi Stefania Perrucci |
| author_sort | Giacomo Rossi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The knowledge of raptor pathogens and associated lesions may be extremely important to enhancing raptor conservation efforts and reducing pathogen spillover to humans and domesticated animals and vice versa. Parasite infections of the digestive system and associated bacteria and pathological changes were evaluated in deceased diurnal and nocturnal raptors in central Italy. Overall, the prevalence of parasites (nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, acanthocephalans, and protozoa) identified in the examined birds was 72.41%, and most of the positive raptors (71.42%) showed multiple parasite infections. Among bacteria, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>, <i>Salmonella enterica </i>subspecies <i>diarizonae</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>, <i>Yersinia enterocolitica,</i> and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> were identified. The results obtained showed that both parasites and bacteria may cause severe lesions in the digestive system of diurnal and nocturnal raptors; parasites and bacteria may concur in causing these lesions; most severe lesions are caused by the interaction of multiple pathogens, both parasites and bacteria; and the same pathogen taxa are frequently associated with the same pathological changes. This study is the first report of <i>S. typhimurium</i> and <i>S. enterica</i> subspecies <i>diarizonae</i> in <i>Buteo buteo</i>, while <i>Andracantha mergi</i>, <i>Spirocerca </i>spp., <i>Sarcocystis dispersa,</i> <i>Sarcocystis columbae,</i> and <i>Eumonospora</i> spp. were recorded for the first time in Italy. |
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| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:22:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4ca9df44872460faa76cb0b4aff8b1d2023-11-23T10:00:45ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-11-011012156710.3390/pathogens10121567Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central ItalyGiacomo Rossi0Giuliana Terracciano1Riccardo Gherardi2Livio Galosi3Stefania Perrucci4School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, 56123 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, ItalySchool of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, ItalyThe knowledge of raptor pathogens and associated lesions may be extremely important to enhancing raptor conservation efforts and reducing pathogen spillover to humans and domesticated animals and vice versa. Parasite infections of the digestive system and associated bacteria and pathological changes were evaluated in deceased diurnal and nocturnal raptors in central Italy. Overall, the prevalence of parasites (nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, acanthocephalans, and protozoa) identified in the examined birds was 72.41%, and most of the positive raptors (71.42%) showed multiple parasite infections. Among bacteria, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>, <i>Salmonella enterica </i>subspecies <i>diarizonae</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>, <i>Yersinia enterocolitica,</i> and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> were identified. The results obtained showed that both parasites and bacteria may cause severe lesions in the digestive system of diurnal and nocturnal raptors; parasites and bacteria may concur in causing these lesions; most severe lesions are caused by the interaction of multiple pathogens, both parasites and bacteria; and the same pathogen taxa are frequently associated with the same pathological changes. This study is the first report of <i>S. typhimurium</i> and <i>S. enterica</i> subspecies <i>diarizonae</i> in <i>Buteo buteo</i>, while <i>Andracantha mergi</i>, <i>Spirocerca </i>spp., <i>Sarcocystis dispersa,</i> <i>Sarcocystis columbae,</i> and <i>Eumonospora</i> spp. were recorded for the first time in Italy.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/12/1567helminthsprotozoabacteriadigestive systempathological lesionsraptors |
| spellingShingle | Giacomo Rossi Giuliana Terracciano Riccardo Gherardi Livio Galosi Stefania Perrucci Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy Pathogens helminths protozoa bacteria digestive system pathological lesions raptors |
| title | Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy |
| title_full | Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy |
| title_fullStr | Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy |
| title_short | Parasites, Bacteria, and Associated Pathological Changes in the Digestive System of Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors in Central Italy |
| title_sort | parasites bacteria and associated pathological changes in the digestive system of diurnal and nocturnal raptors in central italy |
| topic | helminths protozoa bacteria digestive system pathological lesions raptors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/12/1567 |
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