| Summary: | Staphylococcus aureus can cause a variety of infections, especially nosocomial. Its importance lies in the
combination of virulence, invasiveness and antibiotic resistance constituting therapeutic challenges. This
study aimed to assess the genotype and phenotypic resistance profiles of samples of S. aureus isolated from
hospitalized patients in a Brazilian teaching hospital. We evaluated 1078 samples obtained from surveillance
cultures and clinical S. aureus in hospitalized patients. To assess the phenotypic resistance profile was used
disk diffusion method according to CLSI criteria, 2011. For the determination of genotypic resistance was the
presence of the mecA gene by polymerase chain reaction - PCR. Of the 1078 samples tested
phenotypically, it was observed that 75.1% of the samples were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA), and of these, 98.4% were resistant to oxacillin and 100%, cefoxitin. To determine genotype was
performed for the PCR amplification of the mecA gene. Of the 443 samples tested for the mecA 336 samples
were positive (75.8%). Of these samples, 85.7% showed resistance phenotype oxacillin and cefoxitin 88.4%.
Due to the high rate of MRSA, concludes the need for investment in research, rational use of antimicrobials
and creation of reference laboratories for verification of antimicrobial resistance.
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