Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study
Abstract Introduction Anxiety and depression exhibit a high prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, while this issue is seldom explored in lupus nephritis (LN). Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and the risk factors for these m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.689 |
| _version_ | 1797974358806757376 |
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| author | Ying Hu Ge Zhan |
| author_facet | Ying Hu Ge Zhan |
| author_sort | Ying Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Anxiety and depression exhibit a high prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, while this issue is seldom explored in lupus nephritis (LN). Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and the risk factors for these mental disorders in LN patients. Methods Fifty LN patients, 50 non‐LN SLE patients, and 50 health control (HCs) were enrolled. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety (HADS‐A) score and HADS for depression (HADS‐D) score were evaluated. Results HADS‐A score was highest in LN patients (median 7.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0–10.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.0), and lowest in HCs (median 5.0, IQR: 3.0–7.0) (p < .001). Besides, the anxiety rate was most frequent in LN patients (38.0%), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (28.0%), least common in HCs (12.0%) (p = .011). HADS‐D score was highest in LN patients (median 7.5, IQR: 6.0–11.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.3), and lowest in HCs (median 4.0, IQR: 2.0–6.3) (p < .001). Similarly, the depression rate was most prevalent in LN patients (50.0%), subsequently the non‐LN SLE patients (30.0%), and rarest in HCs (10.0%) (p < .001). Furthermore, in LN patients, age (p = .009), LN activity index (p = .020), alopecia (p = .023), 24 h proteinuria (p = .044), and C‐reactive protein (p = .049) were independently correlated with higher anxiety risk; meanwhile, age (p = .001) and LN activity index (p = .009) were independently correlated with higher depression risk. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent, which link to aging, alopecia, inflammation, and severe renal involvement in LN patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:18:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4d221a410ae433f8eba283ae6eb69c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-4527 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:18:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4d221a410ae433f8eba283ae6eb69c12022-12-31T08:06:09ZengWileyImmunity, Inflammation and Disease2050-45272022-09-01109n/an/a10.1002/iid3.689Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control studyYing Hu0Ge Zhan1Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin ChinaDepartment of General Therapy The First Specialized Hospital of Harbin Harbin ChinaAbstract Introduction Anxiety and depression exhibit a high prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, while this issue is seldom explored in lupus nephritis (LN). Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and the risk factors for these mental disorders in LN patients. Methods Fifty LN patients, 50 non‐LN SLE patients, and 50 health control (HCs) were enrolled. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety (HADS‐A) score and HADS for depression (HADS‐D) score were evaluated. Results HADS‐A score was highest in LN patients (median 7.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0–10.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.0), and lowest in HCs (median 5.0, IQR: 3.0–7.0) (p < .001). Besides, the anxiety rate was most frequent in LN patients (38.0%), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (28.0%), least common in HCs (12.0%) (p = .011). HADS‐D score was highest in LN patients (median 7.5, IQR: 6.0–11.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.3), and lowest in HCs (median 4.0, IQR: 2.0–6.3) (p < .001). Similarly, the depression rate was most prevalent in LN patients (50.0%), subsequently the non‐LN SLE patients (30.0%), and rarest in HCs (10.0%) (p < .001). Furthermore, in LN patients, age (p = .009), LN activity index (p = .020), alopecia (p = .023), 24 h proteinuria (p = .044), and C‐reactive protein (p = .049) were independently correlated with higher anxiety risk; meanwhile, age (p = .001) and LN activity index (p = .009) were independently correlated with higher depression risk. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent, which link to aging, alopecia, inflammation, and severe renal involvement in LN patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.689anxietydepressionlupus nephritisprevalencerisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Ying Hu Ge Zhan Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study Immunity, Inflammation and Disease anxiety depression lupus nephritis prevalence risk factors |
| title | Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study |
| title_full | Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study |
| title_fullStr | Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study |
| title_short | Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study |
| title_sort | anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients a case control study |
| topic | anxiety depression lupus nephritis prevalence risk factors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.689 |
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