Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand
To evaluate the containment of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) <i>Salmonella</i> contaminations of a HACCP slaughterhouse (HACCP SH) and a non-HACCP slaughterhouse (non-HACCPSH), 360 paired pig rectal (representing the farm pig status) and carcass samples (representing the contamination) w...
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MDPI AG
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/1/20 |
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| author | Xin Wu Fanan Suksawat Allen L. Richards Seangphed Phommachanh Dusadee Phongaran Sunpetch Angkititrakul |
| author_facet | Xin Wu Fanan Suksawat Allen L. Richards Seangphed Phommachanh Dusadee Phongaran Sunpetch Angkititrakul |
| author_sort | Xin Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To evaluate the containment of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) <i>Salmonella</i> contaminations of a HACCP slaughterhouse (HACCP SH) and a non-HACCP slaughterhouse (non-HACCPSH), 360 paired pig rectal (representing the farm pig status) and carcass samples (representing the contamination) were collected equally from the two slaughterhouses that serviced 6 and 12 farms, respectively, in Northeast Thailand (n = 720). The purified <i>Salmonella</i> isolates were serotype identified, antimicrobial susceptibility tested, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) assessed. Four evaluations of two slaughterhouses were examined: (1) the means of slaughtering contamination rates (SCR) (to evaluate the contamination level by averaged farm SCRs): the HACCP SH decreased contamination (SCR: −48.89% ± 8.80%, n = 6), whereas the non-HACCP SH increased (SCR: 14.31% ± 9.35%, n = 12). (2) The serotype diversity: the HACCP SH decreased the diversity from the rectal group (110 isolates, 9 serotypes) to carcass group (23 isolates, 3 serotypes), whereas there was no decrease in the non-HACCP SH (rectal group (66 isolates, 14 serotypes) and carcass group (31 isolates, 10 serotypes)). (3) The AMR patterns: the HACCP SH decreased from rectal group (96 isolates, 7 patterns) to carcass group (22 isolates, 1 pattern), whereas there was no decrease from the non-HACCP SH rectal group (22 isolates, 7 patterns) to carcass group (48 isolates, 8 patterns). (4) The estimated indirect contamination rate (by serotype screening and PFGE confirmation): the HACCP SH was 60.87% (14/23), whereas the non-HACCP SH was 98.48% (65/66). This study indicates that both the slaughterhouses keep a high level of indirect contamination; the HACCP SH decreases <i>Salmonella</i> contaminations and reduces the AMR patterns, the non-HACCP SH increases contaminations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:40:05Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:40:05Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b4e4da775e8241ab9d801e0d8bb3f38f2022-12-22T04:21:19ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172019-12-01912010.3390/pathogens9010020pathogens9010020Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast ThailandXin Wu0Fanan Suksawat1Allen L. Richards2Seangphed Phommachanh3Dusadee Phongaran4Sunpetch Angkititrakul5Research Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandResearch Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USAResearch Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandResearch Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandResearch Group for Animal Health Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTo evaluate the containment of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) <i>Salmonella</i> contaminations of a HACCP slaughterhouse (HACCP SH) and a non-HACCP slaughterhouse (non-HACCPSH), 360 paired pig rectal (representing the farm pig status) and carcass samples (representing the contamination) were collected equally from the two slaughterhouses that serviced 6 and 12 farms, respectively, in Northeast Thailand (n = 720). The purified <i>Salmonella</i> isolates were serotype identified, antimicrobial susceptibility tested, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) assessed. Four evaluations of two slaughterhouses were examined: (1) the means of slaughtering contamination rates (SCR) (to evaluate the contamination level by averaged farm SCRs): the HACCP SH decreased contamination (SCR: −48.89% ± 8.80%, n = 6), whereas the non-HACCP SH increased (SCR: 14.31% ± 9.35%, n = 12). (2) The serotype diversity: the HACCP SH decreased the diversity from the rectal group (110 isolates, 9 serotypes) to carcass group (23 isolates, 3 serotypes), whereas there was no decrease in the non-HACCP SH (rectal group (66 isolates, 14 serotypes) and carcass group (31 isolates, 10 serotypes)). (3) The AMR patterns: the HACCP SH decreased from rectal group (96 isolates, 7 patterns) to carcass group (22 isolates, 1 pattern), whereas there was no decrease from the non-HACCP SH rectal group (22 isolates, 7 patterns) to carcass group (48 isolates, 8 patterns). (4) The estimated indirect contamination rate (by serotype screening and PFGE confirmation): the HACCP SH was 60.87% (14/23), whereas the non-HACCP SH was 98.48% (65/66). This study indicates that both the slaughterhouses keep a high level of indirect contamination; the HACCP SH decreases <i>Salmonella</i> contaminations and reduces the AMR patterns, the non-HACCP SH increases contaminations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/1/20antimicrobial resistance<i>salmonella</i> spp.hazard analysis and critical control pointpig slaughterhouseslaughtering contamination rate |
| spellingShingle | Xin Wu Fanan Suksawat Allen L. Richards Seangphed Phommachanh Dusadee Phongaran Sunpetch Angkititrakul Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand Pathogens antimicrobial resistance <i>salmonella</i> spp. hazard analysis and critical control point pig slaughterhouse slaughtering contamination rate |
| title | Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Containment of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Species from a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and a Non-HACCP Pig Slaughterhouses in Northeast Thailand |
| title_sort | evaluation of the containment of antimicrobial resistant i salmonella i species from a hazard analysis and critical control point haccp and a non haccp pig slaughterhouses in northeast thailand |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance <i>salmonella</i> spp. hazard analysis and critical control point pig slaughterhouse slaughtering contamination rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/1/20 |
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