Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis
Abstract γ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a high molecular weight polymer, is synthesized by microorganisms and secreted into the extracellular space. Due to its excellent performance, γ-PGA has been widely used in various fields, including food, biomedical and environmental fields. In this study, we...
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BMC
2024-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03262-z |
| _version_ | 1797199629137215488 |
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| author | Jiayue Zhu Xue Wang Jianan Zhao Fang Ji Jun Zeng Yanwen Wei LiLi Xu Guoying Dong Xingyuan Ma Chengmin Wang |
| author_facet | Jiayue Zhu Xue Wang Jianan Zhao Fang Ji Jun Zeng Yanwen Wei LiLi Xu Guoying Dong Xingyuan Ma Chengmin Wang |
| author_sort | Jiayue Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract γ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a high molecular weight polymer, is synthesized by microorganisms and secreted into the extracellular space. Due to its excellent performance, γ-PGA has been widely used in various fields, including food, biomedical and environmental fields. In this study, we screened natto samples for two strains of Bacillus subtilis N3378-2at and N3378-3At that produce γ-PGA. We then identified the γ-PGA synthetase gene cluster (PgsB, PgsC, PgsA, YwtC and PgdS), glutamate racemase RacE, phage-derived γ-PGA hydrolase (PghB and PghC) and exo-γ-glutamyl peptidase (GGT) from the genome of these strains. Based on these γ-PGA-related protein sequences from isolated Bacillus subtilis and 181 B. subtilis obtained from GenBank, we carried out genotyping analysis and classified them into types 1–5. Since we found B. amyloliquefaciens LL3 can produce γ-PGA, we obtained the B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens strains from GenBank and classified them into types 6 and 7 based on LL3. Finally, we constructed evolutionary trees for these protein sequences. This study analyzed the distribution of γ-PGA-related protein sequences in the genomes of B. subtilis, B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens strains, then the evolutionary diversity of these protein sequences was analyzed, which provided novel information for the development and utilization of γ-PGA-producing strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:18:47Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:18:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4e9a612cc444873a06f98e80b4c4bca2024-04-21T11:10:41ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802024-04-0124111310.1186/s12866-024-03262-zGenomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilisJiayue Zhu0Xue Wang1Jianan Zhao2Fang Ji3Jun Zeng4Yanwen Wei5LiLi Xu6Guoying Dong7Xingyuan Ma8Chengmin Wang9State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and TechnologyGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceUnion Biology (Shanghai) Co., LtdCollege of Global Change and Earth System Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and TechnologyGuangdong key Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of ScienceAbstract γ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a high molecular weight polymer, is synthesized by microorganisms and secreted into the extracellular space. Due to its excellent performance, γ-PGA has been widely used in various fields, including food, biomedical and environmental fields. In this study, we screened natto samples for two strains of Bacillus subtilis N3378-2at and N3378-3At that produce γ-PGA. We then identified the γ-PGA synthetase gene cluster (PgsB, PgsC, PgsA, YwtC and PgdS), glutamate racemase RacE, phage-derived γ-PGA hydrolase (PghB and PghC) and exo-γ-glutamyl peptidase (GGT) from the genome of these strains. Based on these γ-PGA-related protein sequences from isolated Bacillus subtilis and 181 B. subtilis obtained from GenBank, we carried out genotyping analysis and classified them into types 1–5. Since we found B. amyloliquefaciens LL3 can produce γ-PGA, we obtained the B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens strains from GenBank and classified them into types 6 and 7 based on LL3. Finally, we constructed evolutionary trees for these protein sequences. This study analyzed the distribution of γ-PGA-related protein sequences in the genomes of B. subtilis, B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens strains, then the evolutionary diversity of these protein sequences was analyzed, which provided novel information for the development and utilization of γ-PGA-producing strains.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03262-zγ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA)Bacillus subtilisGenomics analysisFunctional genes |
| spellingShingle | Jiayue Zhu Xue Wang Jianan Zhao Fang Ji Jun Zeng Yanwen Wei LiLi Xu Guoying Dong Xingyuan Ma Chengmin Wang Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis BMC Microbiology γ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA) Bacillus subtilis Genomics analysis Functional genes |
| title | Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis |
| title_full | Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis |
| title_fullStr | Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis |
| title_short | Genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ- poly glutamic acid producing Bacillus subtilis |
| title_sort | genomic characterization and related functional genes of γ poly glutamic acid producing bacillus subtilis |
| topic | γ- poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA) Bacillus subtilis Genomics analysis Functional genes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03262-z |
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