Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study
Deterioration in muscle mass and muscle strength is common among the frail older persons, cause functional dependence and decrease in the quality of life. Therefore, the identification of cost-effective interventions to prevent or ameliorate frailty is crucially needed. The aim of this study is to d...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.610184/full |
| _version_ | 1818958728734441472 |
|---|---|
| author | Raja Nurzatul Efah Raja Adnan Hazwan Mat Din Asmidawati Ashari Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat |
| author_facet | Raja Nurzatul Efah Raja Adnan Hazwan Mat Din Asmidawati Ashari Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat |
| author_sort | Raja Nurzatul Efah Raja Adnan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deterioration in muscle mass and muscle strength is common among the frail older persons, cause functional dependence and decrease in the quality of life. Therefore, the identification of cost-effective interventions to prevent or ameliorate frailty is crucially needed. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a Community-based Muscle Strengthening Exercise (COME) program to increase muscle strength among pre-frail older persons. This study was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 32 older persons aged 60 years and older with pre-frail symptoms were recruited from the community center. The COME was developed based on the Growing Stronger program and the Otago Home Exercise Program. COME was designed to strengthen all of the major muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. The exercise program was conducted for 12 weeks and divided into 3 parts; (1) to strengthen the body slowly and gently, using only body weight, (2) to introduce dumbbells and ankle weights to increase strength and (3) to add various new ways to boost strength even more. Functional tests were measured before and after the intervention. The results revealed non-significant p-value for pre- and post-intervention comparison for all study outcomes. Observing the values of mean difference, the study intervention was shown to have slightly improved the time up and go (Mean difference = −0.25), and sit-to-stand duration (Mean difference = −0.41) as well as the handgrip strength (Mean difference = 0.68) among the participants. On the assessment of Cohen ES, all three improvements exhibited small effect sizes. Sit-to-stand duration was shown to have most benefited from the intervention with highest ES among the outcome variables (ES = 0.20). COME intervention program among pre-frail older persons showed favorable trend toward improvement of upper and lower extremities muscle strength. This study should be further tested in randomized control trial to confirm its effectiveness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:30:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4eb4b75d6e44fe6af273769eb4be2ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T11:30:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4eb4b75d6e44fe6af273769eb4be2ba2022-12-21T19:42:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652021-04-01910.3389/fpubh.2021.610184610184Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot StudyRaja Nurzatul Efah Raja Adnan0Hazwan Mat Din1Asmidawati Ashari2Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat3Medical Gerontology Laboratory, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaMedical Gerontology Laboratory, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDeterioration in muscle mass and muscle strength is common among the frail older persons, cause functional dependence and decrease in the quality of life. Therefore, the identification of cost-effective interventions to prevent or ameliorate frailty is crucially needed. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a Community-based Muscle Strengthening Exercise (COME) program to increase muscle strength among pre-frail older persons. This study was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 32 older persons aged 60 years and older with pre-frail symptoms were recruited from the community center. The COME was developed based on the Growing Stronger program and the Otago Home Exercise Program. COME was designed to strengthen all of the major muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. The exercise program was conducted for 12 weeks and divided into 3 parts; (1) to strengthen the body slowly and gently, using only body weight, (2) to introduce dumbbells and ankle weights to increase strength and (3) to add various new ways to boost strength even more. Functional tests were measured before and after the intervention. The results revealed non-significant p-value for pre- and post-intervention comparison for all study outcomes. Observing the values of mean difference, the study intervention was shown to have slightly improved the time up and go (Mean difference = −0.25), and sit-to-stand duration (Mean difference = −0.41) as well as the handgrip strength (Mean difference = 0.68) among the participants. On the assessment of Cohen ES, all three improvements exhibited small effect sizes. Sit-to-stand duration was shown to have most benefited from the intervention with highest ES among the outcome variables (ES = 0.20). COME intervention program among pre-frail older persons showed favorable trend toward improvement of upper and lower extremities muscle strength. This study should be further tested in randomized control trial to confirm its effectiveness.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.610184/fullexercisemuscle strengtholder personscommunity-dwellingpre-frail |
| spellingShingle | Raja Nurzatul Efah Raja Adnan Hazwan Mat Din Asmidawati Ashari Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study Frontiers in Public Health exercise muscle strength older persons community-dwelling pre-frail |
| title | Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Effectiveness of a Community-Based Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program to Increase Muscle Strength Among Pre-frail Older Persons in Malaysia: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | effectiveness of a community based muscle strengthening exercise program to increase muscle strength among pre frail older persons in malaysia a pilot study |
| topic | exercise muscle strength older persons community-dwelling pre-frail |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.610184/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rajanurzatulefahrajaadnan effectivenessofacommunitybasedmusclestrengtheningexerciseprogramtoincreasemusclestrengthamongprefrailolderpersonsinmalaysiaapilotstudy AT hazwanmatdin effectivenessofacommunitybasedmusclestrengtheningexerciseprogramtoincreasemusclestrengthamongprefrailolderpersonsinmalaysiaapilotstudy AT asmidawatiashari effectivenessofacommunitybasedmusclestrengtheningexerciseprogramtoincreasemusclestrengthamongprefrailolderpersonsinmalaysiaapilotstudy AT halimatussakdiahminhat effectivenessofacommunitybasedmusclestrengtheningexerciseprogramtoincreasemusclestrengthamongprefrailolderpersonsinmalaysiaapilotstudy |