Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace
A high titania slag that is used as a feedstock for TiO<sub>2</sub> manufacturing is obtained by ilmenite smelting (FeO.TiO<sub>2</sub>). The composition of the slag obtained by smelting is dependent on the composition of the mineral used for slag preparation, i.e., ilmenite...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| author | Avishek Kumar Gupta Matti Aula Jouni Pihlasalo Pasi Mäkelä Marko Huttula Timo Fabritius |
| author_facet | Avishek Kumar Gupta Matti Aula Jouni Pihlasalo Pasi Mäkelä Marko Huttula Timo Fabritius |
| author_sort | Avishek Kumar Gupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A high titania slag that is used as a feedstock for TiO<sub>2</sub> manufacturing is obtained by ilmenite smelting (FeO.TiO<sub>2</sub>). The composition of the slag obtained by smelting is dependent on the composition of the mineral used for slag preparation, i.e., ilmenite in our study. At the laboratory scale, ilmenite slags are mostly obtained by using ilmenite as the raw material. An easy and simple way would be to prepare the synthetic slag using the individual components and heating them to high temperature in a furnace. The titania slag has a high oxidizing nature and requires an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation of the slag as well as the molybdenum crucible. This paper describes the preparation of synthetic ilmenite slag using an induction furnace and the study of the composition and the phases formed in the slag. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were used as analytical techniques for studying the slag. A comparison between obtained synthetic slag and industrial ilmenite slag was performed to test the possibility of preparing slags in the laboratory as per the required composition. The slags show similar phase formation as obtained in industrial ilmenite slags, which means that the synthetic slags are identical to the industrial slags. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:34:51Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:34:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4f73d76ac304b45950082281e0427e42023-12-03T14:50:52ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-01-01113115310.3390/app11031153Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction FurnaceAvishek Kumar Gupta0Matti Aula1Jouni Pihlasalo2Pasi Mäkelä3Marko Huttula4Timo Fabritius5Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, 90570 Oulu, FinlandProcess Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, 90570 Oulu, FinlandMetso Outotec Research Center, Kuparitie 10, 28330 Pori, FinlandMetso Outotec Research Center, Kuparitie 10, 28330 Pori, FinlandNano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, 90570 Oulu, FinlandProcess Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, 90570 Oulu, FinlandA high titania slag that is used as a feedstock for TiO<sub>2</sub> manufacturing is obtained by ilmenite smelting (FeO.TiO<sub>2</sub>). The composition of the slag obtained by smelting is dependent on the composition of the mineral used for slag preparation, i.e., ilmenite in our study. At the laboratory scale, ilmenite slags are mostly obtained by using ilmenite as the raw material. An easy and simple way would be to prepare the synthetic slag using the individual components and heating them to high temperature in a furnace. The titania slag has a high oxidizing nature and requires an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation of the slag as well as the molybdenum crucible. This paper describes the preparation of synthetic ilmenite slag using an induction furnace and the study of the composition and the phases formed in the slag. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were used as analytical techniques for studying the slag. A comparison between obtained synthetic slag and industrial ilmenite slag was performed to test the possibility of preparing slags in the laboratory as per the required composition. The slags show similar phase formation as obtained in industrial ilmenite slags, which means that the synthetic slags are identical to the industrial slags.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1153ilmenitepyrometallurgytitania slagsmeltingpseudobrookite |
| spellingShingle | Avishek Kumar Gupta Matti Aula Jouni Pihlasalo Pasi Mäkelä Marko Huttula Timo Fabritius Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace Applied Sciences ilmenite pyrometallurgy titania slag smelting pseudobrookite |
| title | Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace |
| title_full | Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace |
| title_short | Preparation of Synthetic Titania Slag Relevant to the Industrial Smelting Process Using an Induction Furnace |
| title_sort | preparation of synthetic titania slag relevant to the industrial smelting process using an induction furnace |
| topic | ilmenite pyrometallurgy titania slag smelting pseudobrookite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1153 |
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