Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a commonly occurring neurodegenerative disease in the advanced-age population, with a doubling of prevalence for each 5 years of age above 60 years. In the past two decades, there has been a sustained effort to find suitable biomarkers that may not only aide with the diag...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/63 |
| _version_ | 1797562282795859968 |
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| author | Syed Haris Omar John Preddy |
| author_facet | Syed Haris Omar John Preddy |
| author_sort | Syed Haris Omar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a commonly occurring neurodegenerative disease in the advanced-age population, with a doubling of prevalence for each 5 years of age above 60 years. In the past two decades, there has been a sustained effort to find suitable biomarkers that may not only aide with the diagnosis of AD early in the disease process but also predict the onset of the disease in asymptomatic individuals. Current diagnostic evidence is supportive of some biomarker candidates isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), total tau (<i>t</i>-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) as being involved in the pathophysiology of AD. However, there are a few biomarkers that have been shown to be helpful, such as proteomic, inflammatory, oral, ocular and olfactory in the early detection of AD, especially in the individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To date, biomarkers are collected through invasive techniques, especially CSF from lumbar puncture; however, non-invasive (radio imaging) methods are used in practice to diagnose AD. In order to reduce invasive testing on the patients, present literature has highlighted the potential importance of biomarkers in blood to assist with diagnosing AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b4fd72a9f49b476c90d43912f26a7b92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4fd72a9f49b476c90d43912f26a7b922023-11-20T07:02:37ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262020-07-011036310.3390/jpm10030063Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s DiseaseSyed Haris Omar0John Preddy1Rural Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, AustraliaRural Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, AustraliaAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a commonly occurring neurodegenerative disease in the advanced-age population, with a doubling of prevalence for each 5 years of age above 60 years. In the past two decades, there has been a sustained effort to find suitable biomarkers that may not only aide with the diagnosis of AD early in the disease process but also predict the onset of the disease in asymptomatic individuals. Current diagnostic evidence is supportive of some biomarker candidates isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), total tau (<i>t</i>-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) as being involved in the pathophysiology of AD. However, there are a few biomarkers that have been shown to be helpful, such as proteomic, inflammatory, oral, ocular and olfactory in the early detection of AD, especially in the individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To date, biomarkers are collected through invasive techniques, especially CSF from lumbar puncture; however, non-invasive (radio imaging) methods are used in practice to diagnose AD. In order to reduce invasive testing on the patients, present literature has highlighted the potential importance of biomarkers in blood to assist with diagnosing AD.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/63Alzheimer’s diseasecerebrospinal fluidamyloid beta peptidetotal tauphosphorylated taudiagnosis |
| spellingShingle | Syed Haris Omar John Preddy Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Journal of Personalized Medicine Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta peptide total tau phosphorylated tau diagnosis |
| title | Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Advantages and Pitfalls in Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | advantages and pitfalls in fluid biomarkers for diagnosis of alzheimer s disease |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta peptide total tau phosphorylated tau diagnosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/63 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT syedharisomar advantagesandpitfallsinfluidbiomarkersfordiagnosisofalzheimersdisease AT johnpreddy advantagesandpitfallsinfluidbiomarkersfordiagnosisofalzheimersdisease |