Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Diagnosis is currently based on behavioral criteria, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is increasingly used in ADHD research. To date however, MRI studies have prov...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2018-01-01
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| Series: | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158218300548 |
| _version_ | 1819072618335043584 |
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| author | P.K. Douglas Boris Gutman Ariana Anderson C. Larios Katherine E. Lawrence Katherine Narr Biswa Sengupta Gerald Cooray David B. Douglas Paul M. Thompson James J. McGough Susan Y. Bookheimer |
| author_facet | P.K. Douglas Boris Gutman Ariana Anderson C. Larios Katherine E. Lawrence Katherine Narr Biswa Sengupta Gerald Cooray David B. Douglas Paul M. Thompson James J. McGough Susan Y. Bookheimer |
| author_sort | P.K. Douglas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Diagnosis is currently based on behavioral criteria, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is increasingly used in ADHD research. To date however, MRI studies have provided mixed results in ADHD patients, particularly with respect to the laterality of findings. Methods: We studied 849 children and adolescents (ages 6–21 y.o.) diagnosed with ADHD (n = 341) and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls with structural brain MRI. We calculated volumetric measures from 34 cortical and 14 non-cortical brain regions per hemisphere, and detailed shape morphometry of subcortical nuclei. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were collected for a subset of 104 subjects; from these, we calculated mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy of white matter tracts. Group comparisons were made for within-hemisphere (right/left) and between hemisphere asymmetry indices (AI) for each measure. Results: DTI mean diffusivity AI group differences were significant in cingulum, inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cortico-spinal tracts (p < 0.001) with the effect of stimulant treatment tending to reduce these patterns of asymmetry differences. Gray matter volumes were more asymmetric in medication free ADHD individuals compared to TD in twelve cortical regions and two non-cortical volumes studied (p < 0.05). Morphometric analyses revealed that caudate, hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala were more asymmetric (p < 0.0001) in ADHD individuals compared to TD, and that asymmetry differences were more significant than lateralized comparisons. Conclusions: Brain asymmetry measures allow each individual to serve as their own control, diminishing variability between individuals and when pooling data across sites. Asymmetry group differences were more significant than lateralized comparisons between ADHD and TD subjects across morphometric, volumetric, and DTI comparisons. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:40:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b5045a4673d647a3b7ed004d2e353f62 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-1582 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:40:35Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5045a4673d647a3b7ed004d2e353f622022-12-21T18:55:38ZengElsevierNeuroImage: Clinical2213-15822018-01-0118744752Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderP.K. Douglas0Boris Gutman1Ariana Anderson2C. Larios3Katherine E. Lawrence4Katherine Narr5Biswa Sengupta6Gerald Cooray7David B. Douglas8Paul M. Thompson9James J. McGough10Susan Y. Bookheimer11University of Central Florida, IST, Modeling and Simulation Department, FL, USA; Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA, USA; Corresponding author at: University of California, 760 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.Imaging Genetics Center, USC Keck School of Medicine, Marina del Rey, CA, USASemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA, USAUniversity of Central Florida, IST, Modeling and Simulation Department, FL, USALaboratory of Neuroimaging, UCLA, CA, USALaboratory of Neuroimaging, UCLA, CA, USAWellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, 12 Queen Square, UCL, London, UKWellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, 12 Queen Square, UCL, London, UKNuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USAImaging Genetics Center, USC Keck School of Medicine, Marina del Rey, CA, USASemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA, USASemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA, USAIntroduction: Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Diagnosis is currently based on behavioral criteria, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is increasingly used in ADHD research. To date however, MRI studies have provided mixed results in ADHD patients, particularly with respect to the laterality of findings. Methods: We studied 849 children and adolescents (ages 6–21 y.o.) diagnosed with ADHD (n = 341) and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls with structural brain MRI. We calculated volumetric measures from 34 cortical and 14 non-cortical brain regions per hemisphere, and detailed shape morphometry of subcortical nuclei. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were collected for a subset of 104 subjects; from these, we calculated mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy of white matter tracts. Group comparisons were made for within-hemisphere (right/left) and between hemisphere asymmetry indices (AI) for each measure. Results: DTI mean diffusivity AI group differences were significant in cingulum, inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cortico-spinal tracts (p < 0.001) with the effect of stimulant treatment tending to reduce these patterns of asymmetry differences. Gray matter volumes were more asymmetric in medication free ADHD individuals compared to TD in twelve cortical regions and two non-cortical volumes studied (p < 0.05). Morphometric analyses revealed that caudate, hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala were more asymmetric (p < 0.0001) in ADHD individuals compared to TD, and that asymmetry differences were more significant than lateralized comparisons. Conclusions: Brain asymmetry measures allow each individual to serve as their own control, diminishing variability between individuals and when pooling data across sites. Asymmetry group differences were more significant than lateralized comparisons between ADHD and TD subjects across morphometric, volumetric, and DTI comparisons.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158218300548 |
| spellingShingle | P.K. Douglas Boris Gutman Ariana Anderson C. Larios Katherine E. Lawrence Katherine Narr Biswa Sengupta Gerald Cooray David B. Douglas Paul M. Thompson James J. McGough Susan Y. Bookheimer Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder NeuroImage: Clinical |
| title | Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_full | Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_fullStr | Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_short | Hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_sort | hemispheric brain asymmetry differences in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158218300548 |
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