Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants
Oral rotavirus vaccine (RV) administration in conjunction with other injectable vaccines has been used worldwide. However, whether the sequence of RV administration is associated with the reduction of injection-induced pain remains unclear. In this randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 6–12-wk-ol...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2017-05-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1267082 |
| _version_ | 1797674569335570432 |
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| author | Hui-Chu Yin Whei-Mei Shih Hsiu-Lan Lee Huei-Jing Yang Yu-Li Chen Shao-Wen Cheng Chun-Yuh Yang Ya-Wen Chiu Yi-Hao Weng |
| author_facet | Hui-Chu Yin Whei-Mei Shih Hsiu-Lan Lee Huei-Jing Yang Yu-Li Chen Shao-Wen Cheng Chun-Yuh Yang Ya-Wen Chiu Yi-Hao Weng |
| author_sort | Hui-Chu Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral rotavirus vaccine (RV) administration in conjunction with other injectable vaccines has been used worldwide. However, whether the sequence of RV administration is associated with the reduction of injection-induced pain remains unclear. In this randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 6–12-wk-old healthy infants. The pain response of the infants was scored on the basis of their crying, irritability, facial expression, gagging and distress. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to compare the pain response after adjustment for possible confounders. We enrolled 352 infants, of whom 176 infants received RV before injection (experimental group) and 176 infants received an RV after injection (comparison group). Sex, number of injections, main caregiver, feeding type, and RV type did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Multivariate regression analyses showed that, at 30 s after the intervention, the episode of gagging was more frequent in the comparison group than in the experimental group (p = 0.004). At 180 s after the intervention, the infants cried more often in the comparison group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the infants in the experimental group more often relaxed (p < 0.001), rested quietly (p = 0.001), and were smiling (p = 0.001) than did those in the comparison group. Our results indicate that compared with oral RV administration after injection, oral RV administration before injection is more effective in reducing injection-induced pain in 2-mo-old infants. The findings can provide a clinical strategy for relieving pain from vaccination in young infants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:00:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b51837a25b83497bb804f3672ce9abf2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:00:56Z |
| publishDate | 2017-05-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b51837a25b83497bb804f3672ce9abf22023-09-25T11:00:55ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2017-05-011351136114010.1080/21645515.2016.12670821267082Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infantsHui-Chu Yin0Whei-Mei Shih1Hsiu-Lan Lee2Huei-Jing Yang3Yu-Li Chen4Shao-Wen Cheng5Chun-Yuh Yang6Ya-Wen Chiu7Yi-Hao Weng8Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of NursingGraduate Institute of Health Care, Chang Gung Universality of Science and TechnologyChang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of NursingChang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of NursingChang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of NursingChang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityCollege of Public Health, Taipei Medical UniversityChang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of MedicineOral rotavirus vaccine (RV) administration in conjunction with other injectable vaccines has been used worldwide. However, whether the sequence of RV administration is associated with the reduction of injection-induced pain remains unclear. In this randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 6–12-wk-old healthy infants. The pain response of the infants was scored on the basis of their crying, irritability, facial expression, gagging and distress. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to compare the pain response after adjustment for possible confounders. We enrolled 352 infants, of whom 176 infants received RV before injection (experimental group) and 176 infants received an RV after injection (comparison group). Sex, number of injections, main caregiver, feeding type, and RV type did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Multivariate regression analyses showed that, at 30 s after the intervention, the episode of gagging was more frequent in the comparison group than in the experimental group (p = 0.004). At 180 s after the intervention, the infants cried more often in the comparison group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the infants in the experimental group more often relaxed (p < 0.001), rested quietly (p = 0.001), and were smiling (p = 0.001) than did those in the comparison group. Our results indicate that compared with oral RV administration after injection, oral RV administration before injection is more effective in reducing injection-induced pain in 2-mo-old infants. The findings can provide a clinical strategy for relieving pain from vaccination in young infants.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1267082infantinjectionpainrotavirus vaccinevaccination |
| spellingShingle | Hui-Chu Yin Whei-Mei Shih Hsiu-Lan Lee Huei-Jing Yang Yu-Li Chen Shao-Wen Cheng Chun-Yuh Yang Ya-Wen Chiu Yi-Hao Weng Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics infant injection pain rotavirus vaccine vaccination |
| title | Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants |
| title_full | Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants |
| title_short | Comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2-month-old infants |
| title_sort | comparison of iatrogenic pain between rotavirus vaccination before and after vaccine injection in 2 month old infants |
| topic | infant injection pain rotavirus vaccine vaccination |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1267082 |
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