| Summary: | Seven novel compounds, namely peniresorcinosides A–E (<b>1</b>–<b>5</b>), penidifarnesylin A (<b>6</b>), and penipyridinone A (<b>7</b>), together with the 11 known ones <b>8</b>–<b>17</b>, were isolated from a culture of the marine-associated fungus <i>Penicillium</i> sp. ZZ1750 in rice medium. The structures of the new compounds were established based on their high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) data, extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses, chemical degradation, Mosher’s method, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR calculations, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Peniresorcinosides A (<b>1</b>) and B (<b>2</b>) are rare glycosylated alkylresorcinols and exhibited potent antiglioma activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 4.0 and 5.6 µM for U87MG cells and 14.1 and 9.8 µM for U251 cells, respectively.
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