Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are not synthesized in the human body but are generally ingested in substantial amounts. The widespread view that TFAs, particularly those of industrial origin, are unhealthy and contribute to obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is based mostly on in vivo studies,...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7298 |
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| author | Farkas Sarnyai Éva Kereszturi Kitti Szirmai Judit Mátyási Johanna Iman Al-Hag Tamás Csizmadia Péter Lőw Péter Szelényi Viola Tamási Kinga Tibori Veronika Zámbó Blanka Tóth Miklós Csala |
| author_facet | Farkas Sarnyai Éva Kereszturi Kitti Szirmai Judit Mátyási Johanna Iman Al-Hag Tamás Csizmadia Péter Lőw Péter Szelényi Viola Tamási Kinga Tibori Veronika Zámbó Blanka Tóth Miklós Csala |
| author_sort | Farkas Sarnyai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are not synthesized in the human body but are generally ingested in substantial amounts. The widespread view that TFAs, particularly those of industrial origin, are unhealthy and contribute to obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is based mostly on in vivo studies, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we used a hepatoma model of palmitate-induced lipotoxicity to compare the metabolism and effects of the representative industrial and ruminant TFAs, elaidate and vaccenate, respectively, with those of cis-oleate. Cellular FAs, triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and ceramides were quantitated using chromatography, markers of stress and apoptosis were assessed at mRNA and protein levels, ultrastructural changes were examined by electron microscopy and viability was evaluated by MTT assay. While TFAs were just slightly more damaging than oleate when applied alone, they were remarkably less protective against palmitate toxicity in cotreatments. These differences correlated with their diverse incorporation into the accumulating diacylglycerols and ceramides. Our results provide in vitro evidence for the unfavorable metabolic features and potent stress-inducing character of TFAs in comparison with oleate. These findings strengthen the reasoning against dietary trans fat intake, and they can also help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:49:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b52d7936edbb4a09ac114ee5641a954b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:49:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b52d7936edbb4a09ac114ee5641a954b2023-11-23T20:11:23ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-06-012313729810.3390/ijms23137298Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 CellsFarkas Sarnyai0Éva Kereszturi1Kitti Szirmai2Judit Mátyási3Johanna Iman Al-Hag4Tamás Csizmadia5Péter Lőw6Péter Szelényi7Viola Tamási8Kinga Tibori9Veronika Zámbó10Blanka Tóth11Miklós Csala12Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1053 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1053 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, HungaryTrans fatty acids (TFAs) are not synthesized in the human body but are generally ingested in substantial amounts. The widespread view that TFAs, particularly those of industrial origin, are unhealthy and contribute to obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is based mostly on in vivo studies, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we used a hepatoma model of palmitate-induced lipotoxicity to compare the metabolism and effects of the representative industrial and ruminant TFAs, elaidate and vaccenate, respectively, with those of cis-oleate. Cellular FAs, triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and ceramides were quantitated using chromatography, markers of stress and apoptosis were assessed at mRNA and protein levels, ultrastructural changes were examined by electron microscopy and viability was evaluated by MTT assay. While TFAs were just slightly more damaging than oleate when applied alone, they were remarkably less protective against palmitate toxicity in cotreatments. These differences correlated with their diverse incorporation into the accumulating diacylglycerols and ceramides. Our results provide in vitro evidence for the unfavorable metabolic features and potent stress-inducing character of TFAs in comparison with oleate. These findings strengthen the reasoning against dietary trans fat intake, and they can also help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7298trans fatty acidlipotoxicityobesitycardiovascular diseasesdiabetesnon-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| spellingShingle | Farkas Sarnyai Éva Kereszturi Kitti Szirmai Judit Mátyási Johanna Iman Al-Hag Tamás Csizmadia Péter Lőw Péter Szelényi Viola Tamási Kinga Tibori Veronika Zámbó Blanka Tóth Miklós Csala Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences trans fatty acid lipotoxicity obesity cardiovascular diseases diabetes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| title | Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells |
| title_full | Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells |
| title_short | Different Metabolism and Toxicity of TRANS Fatty Acids, Elaidate and Vaccenate Compared to Cis-Oleate in HepG2 Cells |
| title_sort | different metabolism and toxicity of trans fatty acids elaidate and vaccenate compared to cis oleate in hepg2 cells |
| topic | trans fatty acid lipotoxicity obesity cardiovascular diseases diabetes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7298 |
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