Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract Background Adults infected with Plasmodium spp. in endemic areas need to be re-evaluated in light of global malaria elimination goals. They potentially undermine malaria interventions but remain an overlooked aspect of public health strategies. Methods This study aimed to estimate the preva...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-04881-7 |
| _version_ | 1797247488605814784 |
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| author | Nadine Kalenda Kayiba Yuko Nitahara Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba Denis Kalambayi Mbuyi Augustin Kabongo-Tshibaka Nestor Tshituka Kalala Barthélemy Mukenga Tshiebue Katherine-Sofia Candray-Medina Natsuko Kaku Yu Nakagama Niko Speybroeck Dieudonné Ngoyi Mumba Ghislain Tumba Disashi Akira Kaneko Yasutoshi Kido |
| author_facet | Nadine Kalenda Kayiba Yuko Nitahara Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba Denis Kalambayi Mbuyi Augustin Kabongo-Tshibaka Nestor Tshituka Kalala Barthélemy Mukenga Tshiebue Katherine-Sofia Candray-Medina Natsuko Kaku Yu Nakagama Niko Speybroeck Dieudonné Ngoyi Mumba Ghislain Tumba Disashi Akira Kaneko Yasutoshi Kido |
| author_sort | Nadine Kalenda Kayiba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Adults infected with Plasmodium spp. in endemic areas need to be re-evaluated in light of global malaria elimination goals. They potentially undermine malaria interventions but remain an overlooked aspect of public health strategies. Methods This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infections, to identify underlying parasite species, and to assess predicting factors among adults residing in an endemic area from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A community-based cross-sectional survey in subjects aged 18 years and above was therefore carried out. Study participants were interviewed using a standard questionnaire and tested for Plasmodium spp. using a rapid diagnostic test and a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the effect of potential predictive factors for infections with different Plasmodium spp. Results Overall, 420 adults with an estimated prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infections of 60.2% [95% CI 55.5; 64.8] were included. Non-falciparum species infected 26.2% [95% CI 22.2; 30.5] of the study population. Among infected participants, three parasite species were identified, including Plasmodium falciparum (88.5%), Plasmodium malariae (39.9%), and Plasmodium ovale (7.5%) but no Plasmodium vivax. Mixed species accounted for 42.3% of infections while single-species infections predominated with P. falciparum (56.5%) among infected participants. All infected participants were asymptomatic at the time of the survey. Adults belonging to the “most economically disadvantaged” households had increased risks of infections with any Plasmodium spp. (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.87 [95% CI 1.66, 20.07]; p < 0.001), compared to those from the "less economically disadvantaged” households. Conversely, each 1 year increase in age reduced the risk of infections with any Plasmodium spp. (aOR = 0.99 [95% CI 0.97, 0.99]; p = 0.048). Specifically for non-falciparum spp., males had increased risks of infection than females (aOR = 1.83 [95% CI 1.13, 2.96]; p = 0.014). Conclusion Adults infected with malaria constitute a potentially important latent reservoir for the transmission of the disease in the study setting. They should specifically be taken into account in public health measures and translational research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:59:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b5322c33159040af92514db0cdd64302 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:59:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5322c33159040af92514db0cdd643022024-03-24T12:11:04ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752024-03-0123111410.1186/s12936-024-04881-7Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the CongoNadine Kalenda Kayiba0Yuko Nitahara1Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba2Denis Kalambayi Mbuyi3Augustin Kabongo-Tshibaka4Nestor Tshituka Kalala5Barthélemy Mukenga Tshiebue6Katherine-Sofia Candray-Medina7Natsuko Kaku8Yu Nakagama9Niko Speybroeck10Dieudonné Ngoyi Mumba11Ghislain Tumba Disashi12Akira Kaneko13Yasutoshi Kido14Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine – Pharmacy and Public Health, University of MbujimayiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine – Pharmacy and Public Health, University of MbujimayiResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine – Pharmacy and Public Health, University of MbujimayiResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de LouvainDepartment of Parasitology, Institut National de Recherche BiomédicaleDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine – Pharmacy and Public Health, University of MbujimayiResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityResearch Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityAbstract Background Adults infected with Plasmodium spp. in endemic areas need to be re-evaluated in light of global malaria elimination goals. They potentially undermine malaria interventions but remain an overlooked aspect of public health strategies. Methods This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infections, to identify underlying parasite species, and to assess predicting factors among adults residing in an endemic area from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A community-based cross-sectional survey in subjects aged 18 years and above was therefore carried out. Study participants were interviewed using a standard questionnaire and tested for Plasmodium spp. using a rapid diagnostic test and a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the effect of potential predictive factors for infections with different Plasmodium spp. Results Overall, 420 adults with an estimated prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infections of 60.2% [95% CI 55.5; 64.8] were included. Non-falciparum species infected 26.2% [95% CI 22.2; 30.5] of the study population. Among infected participants, three parasite species were identified, including Plasmodium falciparum (88.5%), Plasmodium malariae (39.9%), and Plasmodium ovale (7.5%) but no Plasmodium vivax. Mixed species accounted for 42.3% of infections while single-species infections predominated with P. falciparum (56.5%) among infected participants. All infected participants were asymptomatic at the time of the survey. Adults belonging to the “most economically disadvantaged” households had increased risks of infections with any Plasmodium spp. (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.87 [95% CI 1.66, 20.07]; p < 0.001), compared to those from the "less economically disadvantaged” households. Conversely, each 1 year increase in age reduced the risk of infections with any Plasmodium spp. (aOR = 0.99 [95% CI 0.97, 0.99]; p = 0.048). Specifically for non-falciparum spp., males had increased risks of infection than females (aOR = 1.83 [95% CI 1.13, 2.96]; p = 0.014). Conclusion Adults infected with malaria constitute a potentially important latent reservoir for the transmission of the disease in the study setting. They should specifically be taken into account in public health measures and translational research.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-04881-7MalariaPrevalenceRisk factorsPlasmodiumAfricaThe Democratic Republic of Congo |
| spellingShingle | Nadine Kalenda Kayiba Yuko Nitahara Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba Denis Kalambayi Mbuyi Augustin Kabongo-Tshibaka Nestor Tshituka Kalala Barthélemy Mukenga Tshiebue Katherine-Sofia Candray-Medina Natsuko Kaku Yu Nakagama Niko Speybroeck Dieudonné Ngoyi Mumba Ghislain Tumba Disashi Akira Kaneko Yasutoshi Kido Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo Malaria Journal Malaria Prevalence Risk factors Plasmodium Africa The Democratic Republic of Congo |
| title | Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| title_full | Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| title_fullStr | Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| title_short | Malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| title_sort | malaria infection among adults residing in a highly endemic region from the democratic republic of the congo |
| topic | Malaria Prevalence Risk factors Plasmodium Africa The Democratic Republic of Congo |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-04881-7 |
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