A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia
Climate-change-induced hazards are negatively affecting the small islands across Indonesia. Sabang Island is one of the most vulnerable small islands due to the rising sea levels and increasing coastal inundation which threaten the low-lying coastal areas with and without coastal defences. However,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/12/2857 |
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| author | Komali Kantamaneni David Christie Charlotte E. Lyddon Peng Huang Muhammad Nizar Karuppusamy Balasubramani Venkatesh Ravichandran Kumar Arun Prasad Robert Ramesh Babu Pushparaj Peter Robins Sigamani Panneer |
| author_facet | Komali Kantamaneni David Christie Charlotte E. Lyddon Peng Huang Muhammad Nizar Karuppusamy Balasubramani Venkatesh Ravichandran Kumar Arun Prasad Robert Ramesh Babu Pushparaj Peter Robins Sigamani Panneer |
| author_sort | Komali Kantamaneni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate-change-induced hazards are negatively affecting the small islands across Indonesia. Sabang Island is one of the most vulnerable small islands due to the rising sea levels and increasing coastal inundation which threaten the low-lying coastal areas with and without coastal defences. However, there is still a lack of studies concerning the long-term trends in climatic variables and, consequently, sea level changes in the region. Accordingly, the current study attempts to comprehensively assess sea level changes and coastal inundation through satellite-derived datasets and model-based products around Sabang Island, Indonesia. The findings of the study show that the temperature (both minimum and maximum) and rainfall of the island are increasing by ~0.01 °C and ~11.5 mm per year, respectively. The trends of temperature and rainfall are closely associated with vegetative growth; an upward trend in the dense forest is noticed through the enhanced vegetation index (EVI). The trend analysis of satellite altimeter datasets shows that the sea level is increasing at a rate of 6.6 mm/year. The DEM-based modelling shows that sea level rise poses the greatest threat to coastal habitations and has significantly increased in recent years, accentuated by urbanisation. The GIS-based model results predict that about half of the coastal settlements (2.5 sq km) will be submerged completely within the next 30 years, provided the same sea level rise continues. The risk of coastal inundation is particularly severe in Sabang, the largest town on the island. The results allow regional, sub-regional, and local comparisons that can assess variations in climate change, sea level rise, coastal inundation, and associated vulnerabilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:36:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b534cf896ba84923b7a63ded087caec8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:36:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-b534cf896ba84923b7a63ded087caec82023-11-23T18:47:57ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-06-011412285710.3390/rs14122857A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, IndonesiaKomali Kantamaneni0David Christie1Charlotte E. Lyddon2Peng Huang3Muhammad Nizar4Karuppusamy Balasubramani5Venkatesh Ravichandran6Kumar Arun Prasad7Robert Ramesh Babu Pushparaj8Peter Robins9Sigamani Panneer10Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UKSchool of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, UKDepartment of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZT, UKDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKEnvironmental Engineering Department, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23246, IndonesiaDepartment of Geography, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, IndiaDepartment of Geography, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, IndiaDepartment of Social Work, School of Social Sciences & Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, IndiaSchool of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, UKCentre for Happiness, Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences & Humanities, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, IndiaClimate-change-induced hazards are negatively affecting the small islands across Indonesia. Sabang Island is one of the most vulnerable small islands due to the rising sea levels and increasing coastal inundation which threaten the low-lying coastal areas with and without coastal defences. However, there is still a lack of studies concerning the long-term trends in climatic variables and, consequently, sea level changes in the region. Accordingly, the current study attempts to comprehensively assess sea level changes and coastal inundation through satellite-derived datasets and model-based products around Sabang Island, Indonesia. The findings of the study show that the temperature (both minimum and maximum) and rainfall of the island are increasing by ~0.01 °C and ~11.5 mm per year, respectively. The trends of temperature and rainfall are closely associated with vegetative growth; an upward trend in the dense forest is noticed through the enhanced vegetation index (EVI). The trend analysis of satellite altimeter datasets shows that the sea level is increasing at a rate of 6.6 mm/year. The DEM-based modelling shows that sea level rise poses the greatest threat to coastal habitations and has significantly increased in recent years, accentuated by urbanisation. The GIS-based model results predict that about half of the coastal settlements (2.5 sq km) will be submerged completely within the next 30 years, provided the same sea level rise continues. The risk of coastal inundation is particularly severe in Sabang, the largest town on the island. The results allow regional, sub-regional, and local comparisons that can assess variations in climate change, sea level rise, coastal inundation, and associated vulnerabilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/12/2857Sabang IslandIndonesiaclimate changecoastal inundationsea level risevulnerability |
| spellingShingle | Komali Kantamaneni David Christie Charlotte E. Lyddon Peng Huang Muhammad Nizar Karuppusamy Balasubramani Venkatesh Ravichandran Kumar Arun Prasad Robert Ramesh Babu Pushparaj Peter Robins Sigamani Panneer A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia Remote Sensing Sabang Island Indonesia climate change coastal inundation sea level rise vulnerability |
| title | A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Coastal Inundation through Satellite-Derived Datasets: A Case Study of Sabang Island, Indonesia |
| title_sort | comprehensive assessment of climate change and coastal inundation through satellite derived datasets a case study of sabang island indonesia |
| topic | Sabang Island Indonesia climate change coastal inundation sea level rise vulnerability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/12/2857 |
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