Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation
The European Union’s ambition to reach climate neutrality and a toxic-free environment by 2050 entails, among other things, cleaner road vehicles. The European Commission’s proposal for the next regulatory emissions standard, Euro 7, requires the measurement of pollutants currently not regulated on...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2561 |
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| author | Victor Valverde Yosuke Kondo Yoshinori Otsuki Torsten Krenz Anastasios Melas Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa Barouch Giechaskiel |
| author_facet | Victor Valverde Yosuke Kondo Yoshinori Otsuki Torsten Krenz Anastasios Melas Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa Barouch Giechaskiel |
| author_sort | Victor Valverde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The European Union’s ambition to reach climate neutrality and a toxic-free environment by 2050 entails, among other things, cleaner road vehicles. The European Commission’s proposal for the next regulatory emissions standard, Euro 7, requires the measurement of pollutants currently not regulated on the road. In this study we compared a prototype portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) measuring CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and HCHO based on infrared laser absorption modulation (IRLAM), and two Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers with laboratory grade analyzers. To this end, one Euro 6d Diesel, one Euro 6d gasoline, and one Euro 4 gasoline vehicle were tested at −7 °C and 23 °C with various driving cycles covering traffic conditions to highway dynamic driving. The results demonstrated that the differences among the instruments were small: ±1 mg/km for HCHO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub>, ±2.5 mg/km for NH<sub>3</sub>, ±10–15 mg/km for NO<sub>x</sub>, ±50 mg/km or ±15% for CO (whichever was larger), and ±10–15 g/km for CO<sub>2</sub>. These values corresponded to <10–15% of the proposed Euro 7 limits or the emission levels of the tested vehicles. Our results confirm the feasibility of on-board systems to measure the conventional components including CO<sub>2</sub> and the aforementioned additional pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:38:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b54ff198660c4f2e87962a3c4c8dd218 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:38:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-b54ff198660c4f2e87962a3c4c8dd2182023-11-17T10:47:47ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-03-01166256110.3390/en16062561Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory InstrumentationVictor Valverde0Yosuke Kondo1Yoshinori Otsuki2Torsten Krenz3Anastasios Melas4Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa5Barouch Giechaskiel6European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyHORIBA Ltd., Shiga 520-0102, JapanHORIBA Ltd., Shiga 520-0102, JapanHORIBA Europe GmbH, 42799 Leichlingen, GermanyEuropean Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyEuropean Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyEuropean Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyThe European Union’s ambition to reach climate neutrality and a toxic-free environment by 2050 entails, among other things, cleaner road vehicles. The European Commission’s proposal for the next regulatory emissions standard, Euro 7, requires the measurement of pollutants currently not regulated on the road. In this study we compared a prototype portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) measuring CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and HCHO based on infrared laser absorption modulation (IRLAM), and two Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers with laboratory grade analyzers. To this end, one Euro 6d Diesel, one Euro 6d gasoline, and one Euro 4 gasoline vehicle were tested at −7 °C and 23 °C with various driving cycles covering traffic conditions to highway dynamic driving. The results demonstrated that the differences among the instruments were small: ±1 mg/km for HCHO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub>, ±2.5 mg/km for NH<sub>3</sub>, ±10–15 mg/km for NO<sub>x</sub>, ±50 mg/km or ±15% for CO (whichever was larger), and ±10–15 g/km for CO<sub>2</sub>. These values corresponded to <10–15% of the proposed Euro 7 limits or the emission levels of the tested vehicles. Our results confirm the feasibility of on-board systems to measure the conventional components including CO<sub>2</sub> and the aforementioned additional pollutants.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2561Euro 7vehicle emissionsammoniaN<sub>2</sub>OPEMSFTIR |
| spellingShingle | Victor Valverde Yosuke Kondo Yoshinori Otsuki Torsten Krenz Anastasios Melas Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa Barouch Giechaskiel Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation Energies Euro 7 vehicle emissions ammonia N<sub>2</sub>O PEMS FTIR |
| title | Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation |
| title_full | Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation |
| title_fullStr | Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation |
| title_short | Measurement of Gaseous Exhaust Emissions of Light-Duty Vehicles in Preparation for Euro 7: A Comparison of Portable and Laboratory Instrumentation |
| title_sort | measurement of gaseous exhaust emissions of light duty vehicles in preparation for euro 7 a comparison of portable and laboratory instrumentation |
| topic | Euro 7 vehicle emissions ammonia N<sub>2</sub>O PEMS FTIR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2561 |
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