Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices
The Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) and the Human Health Risk Index (HHRI) are two of the most promising tools for assessing the health impact of water quality on humans. Each of these indices has its own ability to determine a specific level of safety for drinking, and their results may vary. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3390 |
| _version_ | 1797466274179055616 |
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| author | Ata Allah Nadiri Zahra Sedghi Rahim Barzegar Mohammad Reza Nikoo |
| author_facet | Ata Allah Nadiri Zahra Sedghi Rahim Barzegar Mohammad Reza Nikoo |
| author_sort | Ata Allah Nadiri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) and the Human Health Risk Index (HHRI) are two of the most promising tools for assessing the health impact of water quality on humans. Each of these indices has its own ability to determine a specific level of safety for drinking, and their results may vary. This study aims to develop an aggregated index to identify vulnerable areas in relation to safe drinking water and, subsequently, risk areas for human health, particularly non-cancerous diseases, in the Maku–Bazargan–Poldasht area in NW Iran through the use of a data fusion technique. Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) and fluoride (F<sup>−</sup>) are the predominant contaminants that threaten the local population’s health. The DWQI revealed that the majority of the study sites had poor to improper quality for drinking water class. Health risk assessments showed an excessive potential for non-carcinogenic health risks because of high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup> exposure through drinking water. Children are at a higher risk for non-carcinogenic changes than adults, according to the total hazard index (THI; NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup>), suggesting that locals have faced a lifetime risk of non-cancer changes as a consequence of their exposure to these pollutants. Using data fusion techniques can assist in developing a comprehensive water resources risk map for decision-making. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b55764364b5c448a830974f1a8a3831f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-b55764364b5c448a830974f1a8a3831f2023-11-24T07:18:42ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-10-011421339010.3390/w14213390Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk IndicesAta Allah Nadiri0Zahra Sedghi1Rahim Barzegar2Mohammad Reza Nikoo3Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, IranDepartment of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, IranDepartment of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, QC H9X 3V9, CanadaDepartment of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 50, OmanThe Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) and the Human Health Risk Index (HHRI) are two of the most promising tools for assessing the health impact of water quality on humans. Each of these indices has its own ability to determine a specific level of safety for drinking, and their results may vary. This study aims to develop an aggregated index to identify vulnerable areas in relation to safe drinking water and, subsequently, risk areas for human health, particularly non-cancerous diseases, in the Maku–Bazargan–Poldasht area in NW Iran through the use of a data fusion technique. Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) and fluoride (F<sup>−</sup>) are the predominant contaminants that threaten the local population’s health. The DWQI revealed that the majority of the study sites had poor to improper quality for drinking water class. Health risk assessments showed an excessive potential for non-carcinogenic health risks because of high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup> exposure through drinking water. Children are at a higher risk for non-carcinogenic changes than adults, according to the total hazard index (THI; NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup>), suggesting that locals have faced a lifetime risk of non-cancer changes as a consequence of their exposure to these pollutants. Using data fusion techniques can assist in developing a comprehensive water resources risk map for decision-making.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3390human health risk assessmentdrinking water quality indexnon-carcinogenicdata fusionwater resources risk |
| spellingShingle | Ata Allah Nadiri Zahra Sedghi Rahim Barzegar Mohammad Reza Nikoo Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices Water human health risk assessment drinking water quality index non-carcinogenic data fusion water resources risk |
| title | Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices |
| title_full | Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices |
| title_fullStr | Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices |
| title_short | Establishing a Data Fusion Water Resources Risk Map Based on Aggregating Drinking Water Quality and Human Health Risk Indices |
| title_sort | establishing a data fusion water resources risk map based on aggregating drinking water quality and human health risk indices |
| topic | human health risk assessment drinking water quality index non-carcinogenic data fusion water resources risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3390 |
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