The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can undergo unlimited self-renewal and differentiate into all cell types in human body, and therefore hold great potential for cell therapy of currently incurable diseases including neural degenerative diseases, heart failure, and macular degeneration. This potenti...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00645/full |
| _version_ | 1818652991825117184 |
|---|---|
| author | Xin Liu Xin Liu Wenjuan Li Xuemei Fu Yang Xu Yang Xu |
| author_facet | Xin Liu Xin Liu Wenjuan Li Xuemei Fu Yang Xu Yang Xu |
| author_sort | Xin Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can undergo unlimited self-renewal and differentiate into all cell types in human body, and therefore hold great potential for cell therapy of currently incurable diseases including neural degenerative diseases, heart failure, and macular degeneration. This potential is further underscored by the promising safety and efficacy data from the ongoing clinical trials of hESC-based therapy of macular degeneration. However, one main challenge for the clinical application of hESC-based therapy is the allogeneic immune rejection of hESC-derived cells by the recipient. The breakthrough of the technology to generate autologous-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by nuclear reprogramming of patient’s somatic cells raised the possibility that autologous iPSC-derived cells can be transplanted into the patients without the concern of immune rejection. However, accumulating data indicate that certain iPSC-derived cells can be immunogenic. In addition, the genomic instability associated with iPSCs raises additional safety concern to use iPSC-derived cells in human cell therapy. In this review, we will discuss the mechanism underlying the immunogenicity of the pluripotent stem cells and recent progress in developing immune tolerance strategies of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived allografts. The successful development of safe and effective immune tolerance strategy will greatly facilitate the clinical development of hPSC-based cell therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T02:30:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b55c730f12504d4580a588928d5981d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T02:30:48Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b55c730f12504d4580a588928d5981d52022-12-21T22:06:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242017-06-01810.3389/fimmu.2017.00645270365The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell DerivativesXin Liu0Xin Liu1Wenjuan Li2Xuemei Fu3Yang Xu4Yang Xu5Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaDivision of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesCenter for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaThe Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaCenter for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaDivision of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesHuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can undergo unlimited self-renewal and differentiate into all cell types in human body, and therefore hold great potential for cell therapy of currently incurable diseases including neural degenerative diseases, heart failure, and macular degeneration. This potential is further underscored by the promising safety and efficacy data from the ongoing clinical trials of hESC-based therapy of macular degeneration. However, one main challenge for the clinical application of hESC-based therapy is the allogeneic immune rejection of hESC-derived cells by the recipient. The breakthrough of the technology to generate autologous-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by nuclear reprogramming of patient’s somatic cells raised the possibility that autologous iPSC-derived cells can be transplanted into the patients without the concern of immune rejection. However, accumulating data indicate that certain iPSC-derived cells can be immunogenic. In addition, the genomic instability associated with iPSCs raises additional safety concern to use iPSC-derived cells in human cell therapy. In this review, we will discuss the mechanism underlying the immunogenicity of the pluripotent stem cells and recent progress in developing immune tolerance strategies of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived allografts. The successful development of safe and effective immune tolerance strategy will greatly facilitate the clinical development of hPSC-based cell therapy.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00645/fullembryonic stem cellsinduced pluripotent stem cellscell therapyallogeneic immune rejectionimmunogenicityimmune tolerance |
| spellingShingle | Xin Liu Xin Liu Wenjuan Li Xuemei Fu Yang Xu Yang Xu The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives Frontiers in Immunology embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells cell therapy allogeneic immune rejection immunogenicity immune tolerance |
| title | The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives |
| title_full | The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives |
| title_fullStr | The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives |
| title_short | The Immunogenicity and Immune Tolerance of Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives |
| title_sort | immunogenicity and immune tolerance of pluripotent stem cell derivatives |
| topic | embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells cell therapy allogeneic immune rejection immunogenicity immune tolerance |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00645/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinliu theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT xinliu theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT wenjuanli theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT xuemeifu theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT yangxu theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT yangxu theimmunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT xinliu immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT xinliu immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT wenjuanli immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT xuemeifu immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT yangxu immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives AT yangxu immunogenicityandimmunetoleranceofpluripotentstemcellderivatives |