Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction
Infection by holoparasitic plants typically causes decreases in host mass, thought to be primarily as a result of resource abstraction. Inverse relationships have been noted between the number of <i>Orobanche</i> spp. parasites infecting a host and their mass, suggesting that the parasit...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-05-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/6/146 |
| _version_ | 1798031086459027456 |
|---|---|
| author | Joel I. Jokinen Louis J. Irving |
| author_facet | Joel I. Jokinen Louis J. Irving |
| author_sort | Joel I. Jokinen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infection by holoparasitic plants typically causes decreases in host mass, thought to be primarily as a result of resource abstraction. Inverse relationships have been noted between the number of <i>Orobanche</i> spp. parasites infecting a host and their mass, suggesting that the parasites compete for a shared resource pool, assumed to be recently fixed carbon (C). In clover, nitrogen (N) fixation requires a high proportion of daily photosynthate and represents a potential competitor for recently fixed C. We grew <i>Trifolium pratense</i>, either singly or parasitised by <i>Orobanche minor</i>, under high or low light levels, and with or without exogenous N supply. Low light and N deficiency led to decreased host biomass, while the damage caused by parasitism was proportionate to host mass. Parasitism caused reductions in host leaf mass, area, photosynthetic rates and shoot N concentration, but did not affect starch accumulation. Parasite mass as a proportion of system biomass was significantly higher when attached to plants grown at high light, which was attributed to higher photoassimilate supply, while the N supply had no effect. While both N limitation and parasitism caused reductions in host growth, little evidence of competition for C between N fixation and the parasites was noted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:51:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b55cd8585a3046f08bb37e06ff457d68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:51:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b55cd8585a3046f08bb37e06ff457d682022-12-22T04:06:18ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472019-05-018614610.3390/plants8060146plants8060146Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite InteractionJoel I. Jokinen0Louis J. Irving1School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, JapanSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, JapanInfection by holoparasitic plants typically causes decreases in host mass, thought to be primarily as a result of resource abstraction. Inverse relationships have been noted between the number of <i>Orobanche</i> spp. parasites infecting a host and their mass, suggesting that the parasites compete for a shared resource pool, assumed to be recently fixed carbon (C). In clover, nitrogen (N) fixation requires a high proportion of daily photosynthate and represents a potential competitor for recently fixed C. We grew <i>Trifolium pratense</i>, either singly or parasitised by <i>Orobanche minor</i>, under high or low light levels, and with or without exogenous N supply. Low light and N deficiency led to decreased host biomass, while the damage caused by parasitism was proportionate to host mass. Parasitism caused reductions in host leaf mass, area, photosynthetic rates and shoot N concentration, but did not affect starch accumulation. Parasite mass as a proportion of system biomass was significantly higher when attached to plants grown at high light, which was attributed to higher photoassimilate supply, while the N supply had no effect. While both N limitation and parasitism caused reductions in host growth, little evidence of competition for C between N fixation and the parasites was noted.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/6/146<i>Trifolium pratense</i><i>Orobanche minor</i>parasitismphotosynthesisnitrogen deficiency |
| spellingShingle | Joel I. Jokinen Louis J. Irving Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction Plants <i>Trifolium pratense</i> <i>Orobanche minor</i> parasitism photosynthesis nitrogen deficiency |
| title | Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction |
| title_full | Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction |
| title_short | Effects of Light Level and Nitrogen Supply on the Red Clover–<i>Orobanche Minor</i> Host–Parasite Interaction |
| title_sort | effects of light level and nitrogen supply on the red clover i orobanche minor i host parasite interaction |
| topic | <i>Trifolium pratense</i> <i>Orobanche minor</i> parasitism photosynthesis nitrogen deficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/6/146 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joelijokinen effectsoflightlevelandnitrogensupplyontheredcloveriorobancheminorihostparasiteinteraction AT louisjirving effectsoflightlevelandnitrogensupplyontheredcloveriorobancheminorihostparasiteinteraction |