Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates
Copper(II) complexes with a general formula [Cu<sub>2</sub>(3,4-F<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COO)<sub>4</sub>(L)<sub>2</sub>], where L = 2-methylpyridine (<b>1</b>) and 3-methylpyr...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1462 |
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| author | Viola Niaz Muhammad Awal Noor Muhammad Sirajuddin Maciej Kubicki Shahnaz Rahim Abdus Samad Shaukat Shujah Abdul Wadood Saqib Ali |
| author_facet | Viola Niaz Muhammad Awal Noor Muhammad Sirajuddin Maciej Kubicki Shahnaz Rahim Abdus Samad Shaukat Shujah Abdul Wadood Saqib Ali |
| author_sort | Viola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copper(II) complexes with a general formula [Cu<sub>2</sub>(3,4-F<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COO)<sub>4</sub>(L)<sub>2</sub>], where L = 2-methylpyridine (<b>1</b>) and 3-methylpyridine (<b>2</b>), are reported here. The FTIR spectra of the complexes confirmed the bridging bidentate coordination mode of the carboxylate ligand. The low (475 and 449 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and strong (727 & 725 cm<sup>−1</sup>) intensity bands in the FTIR spectra, due to Cu-N stretches and pyridyl ring vibrations, confirmed coordination of the 2-/3-methyl pyridine co-ligands in complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, respectively. A binuclear paddlewheel structural arrangement with a square pyramidal geometry was confirmed for copper atoms in the complexes via single-crystal X-ray analysis. The DPPH, <sup>•</sup>OH radical, and α-amylase enzyme inhibition assays showed higher activities for the complexes than for the free ligand acid. The binding constant (K<sub>b</sub> = 1.32 × 10<sup>5</sup> for <b>1</b> and 5.33 × 10<sup>5</sup> for <b>2</b>) calculated via UV-VIS absorption measurements and docking scores (−6.59 for <b>1</b> and −7.43 for <b>2</b>) calculated via molecular docking showed higher SS-DNA binding potential for <b>2</b> compared to <b>1</b>. Viscosity measurement also reflected higher DNA binding ability for <b>2</b> than <b>1</b>. Both complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> (docking scores of −7.43 and −6.95, respectively) were found to be more active inhibitors than the free ligand acid (docking score of −5.5159) against the target α-amylase protein. This in silico study has shown that the herein reported compounds follow the rules of drug-likeness and exhibit good potential for bioavailability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b563097494c44e9fa45c20ad7fb7291f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-b563097494c44e9fa45c20ad7fb7291f2023-11-19T17:42:51ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472023-10-011610146210.3390/ph16101462Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) CarboxylatesViola0Niaz Muhammad1Awal Noor2Muhammad Sirajuddin3Maciej Kubicki4Shahnaz Rahim5Abdus Samad6Shaukat Shujah7Abdul Wadood8Saqib Ali9Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanDepartment of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu 28100, PakistanFaculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanDepartment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, PakistanDepartment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320, PakistanCopper(II) complexes with a general formula [Cu<sub>2</sub>(3,4-F<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COO)<sub>4</sub>(L)<sub>2</sub>], where L = 2-methylpyridine (<b>1</b>) and 3-methylpyridine (<b>2</b>), are reported here. The FTIR spectra of the complexes confirmed the bridging bidentate coordination mode of the carboxylate ligand. The low (475 and 449 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and strong (727 & 725 cm<sup>−1</sup>) intensity bands in the FTIR spectra, due to Cu-N stretches and pyridyl ring vibrations, confirmed coordination of the 2-/3-methyl pyridine co-ligands in complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, respectively. A binuclear paddlewheel structural arrangement with a square pyramidal geometry was confirmed for copper atoms in the complexes via single-crystal X-ray analysis. The DPPH, <sup>•</sup>OH radical, and α-amylase enzyme inhibition assays showed higher activities for the complexes than for the free ligand acid. The binding constant (K<sub>b</sub> = 1.32 × 10<sup>5</sup> for <b>1</b> and 5.33 × 10<sup>5</sup> for <b>2</b>) calculated via UV-VIS absorption measurements and docking scores (−6.59 for <b>1</b> and −7.43 for <b>2</b>) calculated via molecular docking showed higher SS-DNA binding potential for <b>2</b> compared to <b>1</b>. Viscosity measurement also reflected higher DNA binding ability for <b>2</b> than <b>1</b>. Both complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> (docking scores of −7.43 and −6.95, respectively) were found to be more active inhibitors than the free ligand acid (docking score of −5.5159) against the target α-amylase protein. This in silico study has shown that the herein reported compounds follow the rules of drug-likeness and exhibit good potential for bioavailability.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1462copper(II) carboxylatepaddlewheel structureantioxidantα-amylase inhibitionDNA interactionmolecular docking |
| spellingShingle | Viola Niaz Muhammad Awal Noor Muhammad Sirajuddin Maciej Kubicki Shahnaz Rahim Abdus Samad Shaukat Shujah Abdul Wadood Saqib Ali Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates Pharmaceuticals copper(II) carboxylate paddlewheel structure antioxidant α-amylase inhibition DNA interaction molecular docking |
| title | Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates |
| title_full | Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates |
| title_fullStr | Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates |
| title_short | Designing and Exploration of the Biological Potentials of Novel Centrosymmetric Heteroleptic Copper(II) Carboxylates |
| title_sort | designing and exploration of the biological potentials of novel centrosymmetric heteroleptic copper ii carboxylates |
| topic | copper(II) carboxylate paddlewheel structure antioxidant α-amylase inhibition DNA interaction molecular docking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1462 |
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