Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Optimisation of respiratory support of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is critical. Infants with CDH often have severe lung hypoplasia and abnormal development of their pulmonary vasculature, leading to ventilation perfusion mismatch. It is vital that lung protective ventilation s...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.808317/full |
| _version_ | 1831758234301497344 |
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| author | Emma Williams Anne Greenough Anne Greenough Anne Greenough |
| author_facet | Emma Williams Anne Greenough Anne Greenough Anne Greenough |
| author_sort | Emma Williams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimisation of respiratory support of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is critical. Infants with CDH often have severe lung hypoplasia and abnormal development of their pulmonary vasculature, leading to ventilation perfusion mismatch. It is vital that lung protective ventilation strategies are employed during both initial stabilisation and post-surgical repair to avoid ventilator induced lung damage and oxygen toxicity to prevent further impairment to an already diminished gas-exchanging environment. There is a lack of robust evidence for the routine use of surfactant therapy during initial resuscitation of infants with CDH and thus administration cannot be recommended outside clinical trials. Additionally, inhaled nitric oxide has been shown to have no benefit in reducing the mortality rates of infants with CDH. Other therapeutic agents which beneficially act on pulmonary hypertension are currently being assessed in infants with CDH in randomised multicentre trials. The role of novel ventilatory modalities such as closed loop automated oxygen control, liquid ventilation and heliox therapy may offer promise for infants with CDH, but the benefits need to be determined in appropriately designed clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:45:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b590942df25745b097821f32dfadbc34 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:45:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b590942df25745b097821f32dfadbc342022-12-21T18:44:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602021-12-01910.3389/fped.2021.808317808317Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic HerniaEmma Williams0Anne Greenough1Anne Greenough2Anne Greenough3Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United KingdomAsthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, United KingdomNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United KingdomOptimisation of respiratory support of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is critical. Infants with CDH often have severe lung hypoplasia and abnormal development of their pulmonary vasculature, leading to ventilation perfusion mismatch. It is vital that lung protective ventilation strategies are employed during both initial stabilisation and post-surgical repair to avoid ventilator induced lung damage and oxygen toxicity to prevent further impairment to an already diminished gas-exchanging environment. There is a lack of robust evidence for the routine use of surfactant therapy during initial resuscitation of infants with CDH and thus administration cannot be recommended outside clinical trials. Additionally, inhaled nitric oxide has been shown to have no benefit in reducing the mortality rates of infants with CDH. Other therapeutic agents which beneficially act on pulmonary hypertension are currently being assessed in infants with CDH in randomised multicentre trials. The role of novel ventilatory modalities such as closed loop automated oxygen control, liquid ventilation and heliox therapy may offer promise for infants with CDH, but the benefits need to be determined in appropriately designed clinical trials.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.808317/fullmechanical ventilationpressure controlled ventilationvolume controlled ventilationhigh frequency oscillationsurfactantinhaled nitric oxide |
| spellingShingle | Emma Williams Anne Greenough Anne Greenough Anne Greenough Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Frontiers in Pediatrics mechanical ventilation pressure controlled ventilation volume controlled ventilation high frequency oscillation surfactant inhaled nitric oxide |
| title | Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| title_full | Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| title_fullStr | Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| title_short | Respiratory Support of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| title_sort | respiratory support of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia |
| topic | mechanical ventilation pressure controlled ventilation volume controlled ventilation high frequency oscillation surfactant inhaled nitric oxide |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.808317/full |
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