Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996
Climate change greatly affects spring and autumn plant phenology around the world consequently, and significantly impacts ecosystem function and the social economy. However, autumn plant phenology, especially autumn flowering phenology, has not been studied so far. In this study, we examined the spa...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.716071/full |
| _version_ | 1818752586604347392 |
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| author | Xianping Wang Yinzhan Liu Xin Li Shibin He Mingxing Zhong Fude Shang Fude Shang Fude Shang |
| author_facet | Xianping Wang Yinzhan Liu Xin Li Shibin He Mingxing Zhong Fude Shang Fude Shang Fude Shang |
| author_sort | Xianping Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change greatly affects spring and autumn plant phenology around the world consequently, and significantly impacts ecosystem function and the social economy. However, autumn plant phenology, especially autumn flowering phenology, has not been studied so far. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal pattern of Osmanthus fragrans phenology, including both leaf phenology (the date of bud-bust, BBD; first leaf unfolding, FLD; and 50% of leaf unfolding, 50 LD) and flowering phenology (the date of first flowering, FFD; peak of flowering, PFD; and end of flowering, EFD). Stepwise multiple linear regressions were employed to analyze the relationships between phenophases and climatic factors in the long term phenological data collected by the Chinese Phenological Observation Network from 1973 to 1996. The results showed that spring leaf phenophases and autumn flowering phenophases were strongly affected by latitude. BBD, FLD, and 50LD of O. fragrans were delayed by 3.98, 3.93, and 4.40 days as per degree of latitude increased, while FFD, PFD and EFD in O. fragrans advanced 3.11, 3.26, and 2.99 days, respectively. During the entire study period, BBD was significantly delayed across the region, whereas no significant trends were observed either in FLD or 50LD. Notably, all flowering phenophases of O. fragrans were delayed. Both leaf and flowering phenophases negatively correlated with growing degree-days (GDD) and cold degree-days (CDD), respectively. BBD and FLD were negatively correlated with total annual precipitation. In addition to the effects of climate on autumn flowering phenology, we found that earlier spring leaf phenophases led to delayed autumn flowering phenophases. Our results suggest that future climate change and global warming might delay the phenological sequence of O. fragrans. Our findings also advanced the flowering mechanism study of autumn flowering plants, and facilitated the accurate prediction of future phenology and climate change. |
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| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b5a9fd2cc4f941ac95b1f034f5679dbf2022-12-21T21:20:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-01-011210.3389/fpls.2021.716071716071Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996Xianping Wang0Yinzhan Liu1Xin Li2Shibin He3Mingxing Zhong4Fude Shang5Fude Shang6Fude Shang7Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaSchool of Software Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaTourism College, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan Engineering Research Center for Osmanthus Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaClimate change greatly affects spring and autumn plant phenology around the world consequently, and significantly impacts ecosystem function and the social economy. However, autumn plant phenology, especially autumn flowering phenology, has not been studied so far. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal pattern of Osmanthus fragrans phenology, including both leaf phenology (the date of bud-bust, BBD; first leaf unfolding, FLD; and 50% of leaf unfolding, 50 LD) and flowering phenology (the date of first flowering, FFD; peak of flowering, PFD; and end of flowering, EFD). Stepwise multiple linear regressions were employed to analyze the relationships between phenophases and climatic factors in the long term phenological data collected by the Chinese Phenological Observation Network from 1973 to 1996. The results showed that spring leaf phenophases and autumn flowering phenophases were strongly affected by latitude. BBD, FLD, and 50LD of O. fragrans were delayed by 3.98, 3.93, and 4.40 days as per degree of latitude increased, while FFD, PFD and EFD in O. fragrans advanced 3.11, 3.26, and 2.99 days, respectively. During the entire study period, BBD was significantly delayed across the region, whereas no significant trends were observed either in FLD or 50LD. Notably, all flowering phenophases of O. fragrans were delayed. Both leaf and flowering phenophases negatively correlated with growing degree-days (GDD) and cold degree-days (CDD), respectively. BBD and FLD were negatively correlated with total annual precipitation. In addition to the effects of climate on autumn flowering phenology, we found that earlier spring leaf phenophases led to delayed autumn flowering phenophases. Our results suggest that future climate change and global warming might delay the phenological sequence of O. fragrans. Our findings also advanced the flowering mechanism study of autumn flowering plants, and facilitated the accurate prediction of future phenology and climate change.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.716071/fullclimate changespring leaf phenologyautumn flowering phenologyOsmanthus fragransChina |
| spellingShingle | Xianping Wang Yinzhan Liu Xin Li Shibin He Mingxing Zhong Fude Shang Fude Shang Fude Shang Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 Frontiers in Plant Science climate change spring leaf phenology autumn flowering phenology Osmanthus fragrans China |
| title | Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 |
| title_full | Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 |
| title_fullStr | Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 |
| title_short | Spatiotemporal Variation of Osmanthus fragrans Phenology in China in Response to Climate Change From 1973 to 1996 |
| title_sort | spatiotemporal variation of osmanthus fragrans phenology in china in response to climate change from 1973 to 1996 |
| topic | climate change spring leaf phenology autumn flowering phenology Osmanthus fragrans China |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.716071/full |
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