An Immunological Review of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccine Serology: Innate and Adaptive Responses to mRNA, Adenovirus, Inactivated and Protein Subunit Vaccines

An Immunological Review of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccine Serology: Innate and Adaptive Responses to mRNA, Adenovirus, Inactivated and Protein Subunit Vaccines

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, which is defined by its positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) structure. It is in the order Nidovirales, suborder Coronaviridae, genus Betacoronavirus, and sub-g...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul, Brent Brown, Yasemin Shboul, Ingo Fricke, Chinua Imarogbe, Karem H. Alzoubi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-12-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
COVID-19 vaccines
Pfizer
BioNTech
Oxford–AstraZeneca
Sinopharm
Novavax
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/51

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