Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry
Eyes develop in relation to body size and brain area for visual processing in some vertebrates. Meanwhile, it is well known that many animals exhibit left–right asymmetry in both morphology and behavior, namely, lateralization. However, it remains unclear whether the eyes and visual processing brain...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/4/644 |
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| author | Yuma Sakurai Yuzuru Ikeda |
| author_facet | Yuma Sakurai Yuzuru Ikeda |
| author_sort | Yuma Sakurai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eyes develop in relation to body size and brain area for visual processing in some vertebrates. Meanwhile, it is well known that many animals exhibit left–right asymmetry in both morphology and behavior, namely, lateralization. However, it remains unclear whether the eyes and visual processing brain areas synchronously develop for their asymmetry. Oval squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) exhibits lateralization of optic lobe volume and left or right eye usage toward specific targets during their ontogeny. We address the question of how left–right asymmetry of the eyes and optic lobes exhibit an allometric pattern. To examine this question, we estimated the left and right volumes of eyes and optic lobes using microcomputed tomography. We found that, for the optic lobe volume, the right enlargement that appeared at ages 45 and 80 days then shifted to the left at age 120 days. In contrast, the volume of eyes did not show any left–right asymmetries from hatching to age 120 days. We also found that the volume of the eyes and optic lobes showed a slower increase than that of the whole-body size. Within these two visually related organs, the eyes grew faster than the optic lobes until age 120 days. These results are discussed in the context of the survival strategy of oval squid that form schools, two months post-hatching. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:28:28Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:28:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b5c318996dc24b84a005a31d7037f63a2023-12-01T21:28:01ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942022-03-0114464410.3390/sym14040644Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic AsymmetryYuma Sakurai0Yuzuru Ikeda1Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, JapanDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, JapanEyes develop in relation to body size and brain area for visual processing in some vertebrates. Meanwhile, it is well known that many animals exhibit left–right asymmetry in both morphology and behavior, namely, lateralization. However, it remains unclear whether the eyes and visual processing brain areas synchronously develop for their asymmetry. Oval squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) exhibits lateralization of optic lobe volume and left or right eye usage toward specific targets during their ontogeny. We address the question of how left–right asymmetry of the eyes and optic lobes exhibit an allometric pattern. To examine this question, we estimated the left and right volumes of eyes and optic lobes using microcomputed tomography. We found that, for the optic lobe volume, the right enlargement that appeared at ages 45 and 80 days then shifted to the left at age 120 days. In contrast, the volume of eyes did not show any left–right asymmetries from hatching to age 120 days. We also found that the volume of the eyes and optic lobes showed a slower increase than that of the whole-body size. Within these two visually related organs, the eyes grew faster than the optic lobes until age 120 days. These results are discussed in the context of the survival strategy of oval squid that form schools, two months post-hatching.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/4/644braincephalopodlateralizationmicro computed tomographyvision |
| spellingShingle | Yuma Sakurai Yuzuru Ikeda Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry Symmetry brain cephalopod lateralization micro computed tomography vision |
| title | Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry |
| title_full | Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry |
| title_fullStr | Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry |
| title_short | Allometry for Eyes and Optic Lobes in Oval Squid (<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>) with Special Reference to Their Ontogenetic Asymmetry |
| title_sort | allometry for eyes and optic lobes in oval squid i sepioteuthis lessoniana i with special reference to their ontogenetic asymmetry |
| topic | brain cephalopod lateralization micro computed tomography vision |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/4/644 |
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