Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature
Critical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/196 |
| _version_ | 1797494742305472512 |
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| author | Paolo Pazzi Gerhard Steenkamp Anouska J. Rixon |
| author_facet | Paolo Pazzi Gerhard Steenkamp Anouska J. Rixon |
| author_sort | Paolo Pazzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Critical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched in June 2021, for terms relevant to treatment of OMM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and information on clinical response and outcome extracted. Eighty-one studies were included. The overall level of evidence supporting the various canine OMM treatment options was low. The majority of studies included confounding treatment modalities and lacked randomization, control groups and consistency in reporting clinical response and outcomes. Within these limitations, surgery remains the mainstay of therapy. Adjunctive radiotherapy provided good local control and improved median survival times (MST), chemotherapy did not offer survival benefit beyond that of surgery, while electrochemotherapy may offer a potential alternative to radiotherapy. Immunotherapy holds the most promise in extending MST in the surgical adjunctive setting, in particular the combination of gene therapy and autologous vaccination. Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trials, with a lack of confounding factors and reporting based on established guidelines would allow comparison and recommendations for the treatment of canine OMM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:38:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b5ceeb7ec9454d71bce88395380a5c54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:38:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5ceeb7ec9454d71bce88395380a5c542023-11-23T13:28:00ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-04-019519610.3390/vetsci9050196Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the LiteraturePaolo Pazzi0Gerhard Steenkamp1Anouska J. Rixon2Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaDepartment of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaDepartment of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaCritical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched in June 2021, for terms relevant to treatment of OMM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and information on clinical response and outcome extracted. Eighty-one studies were included. The overall level of evidence supporting the various canine OMM treatment options was low. The majority of studies included confounding treatment modalities and lacked randomization, control groups and consistency in reporting clinical response and outcomes. Within these limitations, surgery remains the mainstay of therapy. Adjunctive radiotherapy provided good local control and improved median survival times (MST), chemotherapy did not offer survival benefit beyond that of surgery, while electrochemotherapy may offer a potential alternative to radiotherapy. Immunotherapy holds the most promise in extending MST in the surgical adjunctive setting, in particular the combination of gene therapy and autologous vaccination. Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trials, with a lack of confounding factors and reporting based on established guidelines would allow comparison and recommendations for the treatment of canine OMM.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/196oralmelanomadogsurgeryradiotherapyimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Paolo Pazzi Gerhard Steenkamp Anouska J. Rixon Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature Veterinary Sciences oral melanoma dog surgery radiotherapy immunotherapy |
| title | Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | treatment of canine oral melanomas a critical review of the literature |
| topic | oral melanoma dog surgery radiotherapy immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/196 |
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