Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field
The effects of conversion from staple rice to forage rice on carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances in a paddy field were evaluated. A staple rice plot without the application of livestock manure compost (LMC, S − M plot) and forage rice plots with and without the application of LMC, der...
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MDPI AG
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/12/504 |
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| author | Fumiaki Takakai Masahiro Kobayashi Takashi Sato Kentaro Yasuda Yoshihiro Kaneta |
| author_facet | Fumiaki Takakai Masahiro Kobayashi Takashi Sato Kentaro Yasuda Yoshihiro Kaneta |
| author_sort | Fumiaki Takakai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of conversion from staple rice to forage rice on carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances in a paddy field were evaluated. A staple rice plot without the application of livestock manure compost (LMC, S − M plot) and forage rice plots with and without the application of LMC, derived mainly from cattle (2 kg−FW m<sup>−2</sup>, F + M and F − M plots, respectively), were established. CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and CO<sub>2</sub> flux from a bare soil plot for organic matter decomposition (OMD) were measured. The carbon budget was calculated by subtracting the OMD, CH<sub>4</sub> emission, and harvested grain and straw (forage rice only) from the net primary production and LMC. The net GHG balance was calculated by integrating them as CO<sub>2</sub> equivalents. There were no significant differences in GHG flux among the plots. Compared to the carbon loss in the S − M plot, the loss increased by harvesting straw and was mitigated by LMC application. The net GHG emission in the F + M plot was significantly lower than that in other plots (1.78 and 2.63−2.77 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively). There is a possibility that GHG emissions could be suppressed by forage rice cultivation with the application of LMC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:36:30Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b5cf09f11b7d43f6a8c4c29134995315 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:36:30Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5cf09f11b7d43f6a8c4c291349953152022-12-22T01:02:10ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332018-12-0191250410.3390/atmos9120504atmos9120504Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy FieldFumiaki Takakai0Masahiro Kobayashi1Takashi Sato2Kentaro Yasuda3Yoshihiro Kaneta4Laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Aza Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, JapanLaboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Aza Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, JapanLaboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Aza Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, JapanLaboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Aza Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, JapanLaboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Aza Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, JapanThe effects of conversion from staple rice to forage rice on carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances in a paddy field were evaluated. A staple rice plot without the application of livestock manure compost (LMC, S − M plot) and forage rice plots with and without the application of LMC, derived mainly from cattle (2 kg−FW m<sup>−2</sup>, F + M and F − M plots, respectively), were established. CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and CO<sub>2</sub> flux from a bare soil plot for organic matter decomposition (OMD) were measured. The carbon budget was calculated by subtracting the OMD, CH<sub>4</sub> emission, and harvested grain and straw (forage rice only) from the net primary production and LMC. The net GHG balance was calculated by integrating them as CO<sub>2</sub> equivalents. There were no significant differences in GHG flux among the plots. Compared to the carbon loss in the S − M plot, the loss increased by harvesting straw and was mitigated by LMC application. The net GHG emission in the F + M plot was significantly lower than that in other plots (1.78 and 2.63−2.77 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively). There is a possibility that GHG emissions could be suppressed by forage rice cultivation with the application of LMC.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/12/504carbon dioxidelivestock manure compostmethanenitrous oxideorganic matter decompositionwhole-crop silage |
| spellingShingle | Fumiaki Takakai Masahiro Kobayashi Takashi Sato Kentaro Yasuda Yoshihiro Kaneta Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field Atmosphere carbon dioxide livestock manure compost methane nitrous oxide organic matter decomposition whole-crop silage |
| title | Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field |
| title_full | Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field |
| title_short | Effects of Forage Rice Cultivation on Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Balances in a Rice Paddy Field |
| title_sort | effects of forage rice cultivation on carbon and greenhouse gas balances in a rice paddy field |
| topic | carbon dioxide livestock manure compost methane nitrous oxide organic matter decomposition whole-crop silage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/12/504 |
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