Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant
Several measures describing the transformation of trabecular bone to cortical bone on the basis of analysis of intraoral radiographs are known (including bone index or corticalization index, CI). At the same time, it has been noted that after functional loading of dental implants such transformation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/23/7189 |
| _version_ | 1797462885520113664 |
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| author | Marcin Kozakiewicz Tomasz Wach |
| author_facet | Marcin Kozakiewicz Tomasz Wach |
| author_sort | Marcin Kozakiewicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several measures describing the transformation of trabecular bone to cortical bone on the basis of analysis of intraoral radiographs are known (including bone index or corticalization index, CI). At the same time, it has been noted that after functional loading of dental implants such transformations occur in the bone directly adjacent to the fixture. Intuitively, it seems that this is a process conducive to the long-term maintenance of dental implants and certainly necessary when immediate loading is applied. The authors examined the relationship of implant design features to marginal bone loss (MBL) and the intensity of corticalization over a 10-year period of functional loading. This study is a general description of the phenomenon of peri-implant bone corticalization and an attempt to interpret this phenomenon to achieve success of implant treatment in the long term. Corticalization significantly increased over the first 5-year functional loading (CI from 200 ± 146 initially to 282 ± 182, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and maintained a high level (CI = 261 ± 168) in the 10-year study relative to the reference bone (149 ± 178). MBL significantly increased throughout the follow-up period—5 years: 0.83 ± 1.26 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001), 10 years: 1.48 ± 2.01 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). MBL and radiographic bone structure (CI) were evaluated in relation to intraosseous implant design features and prosthetic work performed. In the scope of the study, it can be concluded that the phenomenon of peri-implant jawbone corticalization seems an unfavorable condition for the future fate of bone-anchored implants, but it requires further research to fully explain the significance of this phenomenon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:42:52Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b5d0fd01e43e474491364c5a23c168a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:42:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5d0fd01e43e474491364c5a23c168a22023-11-24T11:24:27ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-12-011123718910.3390/jcm11237189Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental ImplantMarcin Kozakiewicz0Tomasz Wach1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Żeromskiego Str., 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 Żeromskiego Str., 90-549 Lodz, PolandSeveral measures describing the transformation of trabecular bone to cortical bone on the basis of analysis of intraoral radiographs are known (including bone index or corticalization index, CI). At the same time, it has been noted that after functional loading of dental implants such transformations occur in the bone directly adjacent to the fixture. Intuitively, it seems that this is a process conducive to the long-term maintenance of dental implants and certainly necessary when immediate loading is applied. The authors examined the relationship of implant design features to marginal bone loss (MBL) and the intensity of corticalization over a 10-year period of functional loading. This study is a general description of the phenomenon of peri-implant bone corticalization and an attempt to interpret this phenomenon to achieve success of implant treatment in the long term. Corticalization significantly increased over the first 5-year functional loading (CI from 200 ± 146 initially to 282 ± 182, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and maintained a high level (CI = 261 ± 168) in the 10-year study relative to the reference bone (149 ± 178). MBL significantly increased throughout the follow-up period—5 years: 0.83 ± 1.26 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001), 10 years: 1.48 ± 2.01 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). MBL and radiographic bone structure (CI) were evaluated in relation to intraosseous implant design features and prosthetic work performed. In the scope of the study, it can be concluded that the phenomenon of peri-implant jawbone corticalization seems an unfavorable condition for the future fate of bone-anchored implants, but it requires further research to fully explain the significance of this phenomenon.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/23/7189dental implantslong-term resultslong-term successmarginal bone lossfunctional loadingintra-oral radiographs |
| spellingShingle | Marcin Kozakiewicz Tomasz Wach Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant Journal of Clinical Medicine dental implants long-term results long-term success marginal bone loss functional loading intra-oral radiographs |
| title | Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant |
| title_full | Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant |
| title_short | Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant |
| title_sort | exploring the importance of corticalization occurring in alveolar bone surrounding a dental implant |
| topic | dental implants long-term results long-term success marginal bone loss functional loading intra-oral radiographs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/23/7189 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcinkozakiewicz exploringtheimportanceofcorticalizationoccurringinalveolarbonesurroundingadentalimplant AT tomaszwach exploringtheimportanceofcorticalizationoccurringinalveolarbonesurroundingadentalimplant |