Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect
Hypertension is an important morbidity factor. The prognostic consequences of the white-coat effect have been studied extensively. The repercussion on the circadian rhythm of urinary water and salt excretion in the same subgroup remain, conversely, among the open topics. Postulating an impaired diur...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5725 |
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| author | Fabio Moretti Jvan Gianini Rosaria Del Giorno Luca Gabutti |
| author_facet | Fabio Moretti Jvan Gianini Rosaria Del Giorno Luca Gabutti |
| author_sort | Fabio Moretti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypertension is an important morbidity factor. The prognostic consequences of the white-coat effect have been studied extensively. The repercussion on the circadian rhythm of urinary water and salt excretion in the same subgroup remain, conversely, among the open topics. Postulating an impaired diurnal sodium and volume excretion we decided to investigate both, in subjects with or without a white-coat effect, in the general population. A sample of 1023 subjects, has been considered. We collected 24-h urine samples, divided in day and night, and we measured the blood pressure with an Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). ABPM values were then compared with physician collected in-office values to assign subjects to the group with or without the white-coat effect. Concerning the circadian pattern of urinary sodium excretion, we found no significant differences between the groups. There was instead in the white-coat effect group a higher night/day ratio of urinary water excretion. The white-coat effect, has been considered a potential hypertension precursor, and its consequent handling could be prospectively relevant in hypertension prevention. The absence of repercussions on the urinary circadian sodium excretion pattern and on the potentially related risk factors in subjects with a white coat effect is reassuring. The clinical significance of the impact on the night/day ratio of water excretion needs to be further investigated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:19:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b5e86efa42a343c58e7e43f79074fe35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:19:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-b5e86efa42a343c58e7e43f79074fe352023-11-19T08:24:31ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-09-011217572510.3390/jcm12175725Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat EffectFabio Moretti0Jvan Gianini1Rosaria Del Giorno2Luca Gabutti3Faculty of Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, SwitzerlandDepartment of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, SwitzerlandAngiology Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, SwitzerlandFaculty of Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, SwitzerlandHypertension is an important morbidity factor. The prognostic consequences of the white-coat effect have been studied extensively. The repercussion on the circadian rhythm of urinary water and salt excretion in the same subgroup remain, conversely, among the open topics. Postulating an impaired diurnal sodium and volume excretion we decided to investigate both, in subjects with or without a white-coat effect, in the general population. A sample of 1023 subjects, has been considered. We collected 24-h urine samples, divided in day and night, and we measured the blood pressure with an Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). ABPM values were then compared with physician collected in-office values to assign subjects to the group with or without the white-coat effect. Concerning the circadian pattern of urinary sodium excretion, we found no significant differences between the groups. There was instead in the white-coat effect group a higher night/day ratio of urinary water excretion. The white-coat effect, has been considered a potential hypertension precursor, and its consequent handling could be prospectively relevant in hypertension prevention. The absence of repercussions on the urinary circadian sodium excretion pattern and on the potentially related risk factors in subjects with a white coat effect is reassuring. The clinical significance of the impact on the night/day ratio of water excretion needs to be further investigated.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5725white coat effectwhite coat hypertensionhypertensioncircadian patterncircadian rhythmsodium |
| spellingShingle | Fabio Moretti Jvan Gianini Rosaria Del Giorno Luca Gabutti Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect Journal of Clinical Medicine white coat effect white coat hypertension hypertension circadian pattern circadian rhythm sodium |
| title | Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect |
| title_full | Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect |
| title_fullStr | Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect |
| title_short | Circadian Urinary Excretion of Water, and Not Salt, Is Affected by the White Coat Effect |
| title_sort | circadian urinary excretion of water and not salt is affected by the white coat effect |
| topic | white coat effect white coat hypertension hypertension circadian pattern circadian rhythm sodium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5725 |
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