Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study
Socioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental cause of ill health, but an understudied determinant of health for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Surprisingly, few studies have examined the relations between poverty and depression among young MSM. The aims of this study were t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2018-09-01
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| Series: | American Journal of Men's Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316651206 |
| _version_ | 1818460408966545408 |
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| author | Danielle C. Ompad PhD Joseph J. Palamar PhD, MPH Kristen D. Krause MPH Farzana Kapadia PhD, MPH Perry N. Halkitis PhD, MS, MPH |
| author_facet | Danielle C. Ompad PhD Joseph J. Palamar PhD, MPH Kristen D. Krause MPH Farzana Kapadia PhD, MPH Perry N. Halkitis PhD, MS, MPH |
| author_sort | Danielle C. Ompad PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Socioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental cause of ill health, but an understudied determinant of health for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Surprisingly, few studies have examined the relations between poverty and depression among young MSM. The aims of this study were to determine the reliability and validity of an 18-item Family Resource Scale (FRS) as a measure of SES among YMSM and examine the relations between SES and depression, while taking into account factors associated with resilience or risk for poor mental health. Reliability of the SES scale was determined with Cronbach’s alpha. Validity was assessed with factor analysis and bivariable comparisons with other SES measures. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the relations between depressive symptomology (via the Beck Depression Inventory–II), SES, and gay-related psychosocial variables. In this racially/ethnically diverse sample (mean age = 21.8 years, 37.3% Hispanic/Latino, 30.5% White, 14.9% Black, and 17.0% other race/ethnicity), 70.8% reported incomes ≤ $10,000 and the mean FRS score was 4.1 ( SD = 0.9, range 0-5). The FRS demonstrated reliability (α = .91) and criterion and construct validity. The Beck Depression Inventory–II rated 17.6% with depressive symptomology. Higher FRS scores were associated with a lower odds of depression (adjusted odds ratio = 0.58; 95% confidence interval = 0.46-0.74) in logistic regression models controlling for gay community affinity and internalized homophobia. This diverse sample of YMSM in New York City reported substantial financial hardship and those who were more gay-identified had fewer material resources. Fewer material resources and internalized homophobia were both associated with higher odds of depression. |
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| id | doaj.art-b605092dd81e4b8cbbe6e664424aecbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1557-9883 1557-9891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:29:47Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | American Journal of Men's Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-b605092dd81e4b8cbbe6e664424aecbd2022-12-21T22:43:43ZengSAGE PublishingAmerican Journal of Men's Health1557-98831557-98912018-09-011210.1177/1557988316651206Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort StudyDanielle C. Ompad PhD0Joseph J. Palamar PhD, MPH1Kristen D. Krause MPH2Farzana Kapadia PhD, MPH3Perry N. Halkitis PhD, MS, MPH4Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USADepartment of Applied Psychology, NYU Steinhardt, New York, NY, USACenter for Health, Identity, Behavior, and Prevention Studies, NYU CGPH, New York, NY, USADepartment of Population Health, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USADepartment of Applied Psychology, NYU Steinhardt, New York, NY, USASocioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental cause of ill health, but an understudied determinant of health for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Surprisingly, few studies have examined the relations between poverty and depression among young MSM. The aims of this study were to determine the reliability and validity of an 18-item Family Resource Scale (FRS) as a measure of SES among YMSM and examine the relations between SES and depression, while taking into account factors associated with resilience or risk for poor mental health. Reliability of the SES scale was determined with Cronbach’s alpha. Validity was assessed with factor analysis and bivariable comparisons with other SES measures. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the relations between depressive symptomology (via the Beck Depression Inventory–II), SES, and gay-related psychosocial variables. In this racially/ethnically diverse sample (mean age = 21.8 years, 37.3% Hispanic/Latino, 30.5% White, 14.9% Black, and 17.0% other race/ethnicity), 70.8% reported incomes ≤ $10,000 and the mean FRS score was 4.1 ( SD = 0.9, range 0-5). The FRS demonstrated reliability (α = .91) and criterion and construct validity. The Beck Depression Inventory–II rated 17.6% with depressive symptomology. Higher FRS scores were associated with a lower odds of depression (adjusted odds ratio = 0.58; 95% confidence interval = 0.46-0.74) in logistic regression models controlling for gay community affinity and internalized homophobia. This diverse sample of YMSM in New York City reported substantial financial hardship and those who were more gay-identified had fewer material resources. Fewer material resources and internalized homophobia were both associated with higher odds of depression.https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316651206 |
| spellingShingle | Danielle C. Ompad PhD Joseph J. Palamar PhD, MPH Kristen D. Krause MPH Farzana Kapadia PhD, MPH Perry N. Halkitis PhD, MS, MPH Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study American Journal of Men's Health |
| title | Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study |
| title_full | Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study |
| title_short | Reliability and Validity of a Material Resources Scale and Its Association With Depression Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: The P18 Cohort Study |
| title_sort | reliability and validity of a material resources scale and its association with depression among young men who have sex with men the p18 cohort study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316651206 |
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