Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with an unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment options. Nevertheless, no clinically applicable molecular markers have been identified for the progression of ACCs. DNA methylation alterations were found to contribute to th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00472/full |
| _version_ | 1828317166963785728 |
|---|---|
| author | He Xiao Weixiang He Ping Chen Deqiang Xu Guang Zeng Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Mingliu Huang Xinghuan Wang Michael E. DiSanto Xinhua Zhang |
| author_facet | He Xiao Weixiang He Ping Chen Deqiang Xu Guang Zeng Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Mingliu Huang Xinghuan Wang Michael E. DiSanto Xinhua Zhang |
| author_sort | He Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with an unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment options. Nevertheless, no clinically applicable molecular markers have been identified for the progression of ACCs. DNA methylation alterations were found to contribute to the development of ACC in recent decades.Material and Methods: The aims of the current study was to identify the abnormally methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ACCs, and to elucidate the mechanistic basis for these changes. Analyses were conducted on gene expression and gene methylation profile datasets to identify the aberrantly methylated DEGs. The DAVID software was used to conduct the analyses of functional enrichment on screened genes. Finally, expression was validated, and the relationship between abnormally methylated DEGs and clinical features was determined via the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). To further verify the altered expression and methylation status of our identified genes we also validated these changes at the tissue and cellular levels.Results: We screened and identified 92 differentially expressed genes and 802 abnormally methylated genes. Furthermore, seven aberrantly methylated and dysregulated genes were identified and validated, along with a number of functional enriched pathways. Among these seven genes, the expression or methylation status is significantly correlated with different pathological stages and overall rates of survival. In validation, the expression of seven genes were significantly altered and five genes were hypermethylated in ACC.Conclusions: Our study identified abnormally methylated DEGs and potentially affected pathways in ACCs, from which we could begin to understand the basic molecular mechanisms of these alterations. Moreover, these abnormally methylated genes might serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to allow ACC patients to be more precisely diagnosed and effectively treated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:24:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b61233f3ccbb4f7b8decac5d60dec96b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:24:28Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b61233f3ccbb4f7b8decac5d60dec96b2022-12-22T02:37:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922019-07-011010.3389/fendo.2019.00472432446Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical CarcinomaHe Xiao0Weixiang He1Ping Chen2Deqiang Xu3Guang Zeng4Zhuo Li5Zhuo Li6Zhuo Li7Zhuo Li8Zhuo Li9Mingliu Huang10Xinghuan Wang11Michael E. DiSanto12Xinhua Zhang13Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital, Shenzhen, ChinaThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, ChinaAffiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartments of Biomedical Sciences & Surgery of Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaBackground: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with an unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment options. Nevertheless, no clinically applicable molecular markers have been identified for the progression of ACCs. DNA methylation alterations were found to contribute to the development of ACC in recent decades.Material and Methods: The aims of the current study was to identify the abnormally methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ACCs, and to elucidate the mechanistic basis for these changes. Analyses were conducted on gene expression and gene methylation profile datasets to identify the aberrantly methylated DEGs. The DAVID software was used to conduct the analyses of functional enrichment on screened genes. Finally, expression was validated, and the relationship between abnormally methylated DEGs and clinical features was determined via the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). To further verify the altered expression and methylation status of our identified genes we also validated these changes at the tissue and cellular levels.Results: We screened and identified 92 differentially expressed genes and 802 abnormally methylated genes. Furthermore, seven aberrantly methylated and dysregulated genes were identified and validated, along with a number of functional enriched pathways. Among these seven genes, the expression or methylation status is significantly correlated with different pathological stages and overall rates of survival. In validation, the expression of seven genes were significantly altered and five genes were hypermethylated in ACC.Conclusions: Our study identified abnormally methylated DEGs and potentially affected pathways in ACCs, from which we could begin to understand the basic molecular mechanisms of these alterations. Moreover, these abnormally methylated genes might serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to allow ACC patients to be more precisely diagnosed and effectively treated.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00472/fulladrenocortical carcinomabio-informaticsmethylationdifferentially expressed genesbiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | He Xiao Weixiang He Ping Chen Deqiang Xu Guang Zeng Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Zhuo Li Mingliu Huang Xinghuan Wang Michael E. DiSanto Xinhua Zhang Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Frontiers in Endocrinology adrenocortical carcinoma bio-informatics methylation differentially expressed genes biomarkers |
| title | Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
| title_full | Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
| title_short | Identification of Seven Aberrantly Methylated and Expressed Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma |
| title_sort | identification of seven aberrantly methylated and expressed genes in adrenocortical carcinoma |
| topic | adrenocortical carcinoma bio-informatics methylation differentially expressed genes biomarkers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00472/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hexiao identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT weixianghe identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT pingchen identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT deqiangxu identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT guangzeng identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT zhuoli identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT zhuoli identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT zhuoli identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT zhuoli identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT zhuoli identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT mingliuhuang identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT xinghuanwang identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT michaeledisanto identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma AT xinhuazhang identificationofsevenaberrantlymethylatedandexpressedgenesinadrenocorticalcarcinoma |