Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Over-the-counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesics in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose. The objectives of the study were to identify modifiable risk fa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/8/752 |
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| author | Iwona Popiolek Piotr Hydzik Pawel Jagielski Monika Zrodlowska Karol Mystek Grzegorz Porebski |
| author_facet | Iwona Popiolek Piotr Hydzik Pawel Jagielski Monika Zrodlowska Karol Mystek Grzegorz Porebski |
| author_sort | Iwona Popiolek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Over-the-counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesics in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose. The objectives of the study were to identify modifiable risk factors for severe hepatotoxicity following paracetamol overdose in adults. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A retrospective cohort study involved the consecutive adult patients hospitalized in a toxicological center over a period of seven years due to paracetamol overdose. Complete medical datasets of laboratory and anamnestic variables were analyzed and validated by means of logistic regression model. <i>Results</i>: A total of 185 patients entered the study, including 25 individuals who developed severe hepatotoxicity (plasma aminotransferases levels above 1000 UI/L) and 31 individuals with mild to moderate liver injury (plasma aminotransferases levels above upper normal range, but below 1000 UI/L). In the univariable analysis, significant hepatotoxicity risk factors were male gender, alcohol abuse, an ingested paracetamol dose, and a timespan from ingestion to hospital admission. The later one was the only significant risk factor in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.12). <i>Conclusions</i>: A delay in hospital admission, resulting in a delayed administration of disease-specific treatment outweighs any other known risk factors of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:37:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b619d25bf2b9497c9131fdf775608a91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:37:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-b619d25bf2b9497c9131fdf775608a912023-11-22T08:35:34ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-07-0157875210.3390/medicina57080752Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in AdultsIwona Popiolek0Piotr Hydzik1Pawel Jagielski2Monika Zrodlowska3Karol Mystek4Grzegorz Porebski5Toxicology Clinical Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, PolandToxicology Clinical Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066 Krakow, PolandFaculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, sw. Anny 12, 31-008 Krakow, PolandFaculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, sw. Anny 12, 31-008 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Botaniczna 3, 31-503 Krakow, Poland<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Over-the-counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesics in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose. The objectives of the study were to identify modifiable risk factors for severe hepatotoxicity following paracetamol overdose in adults. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A retrospective cohort study involved the consecutive adult patients hospitalized in a toxicological center over a period of seven years due to paracetamol overdose. Complete medical datasets of laboratory and anamnestic variables were analyzed and validated by means of logistic regression model. <i>Results</i>: A total of 185 patients entered the study, including 25 individuals who developed severe hepatotoxicity (plasma aminotransferases levels above 1000 UI/L) and 31 individuals with mild to moderate liver injury (plasma aminotransferases levels above upper normal range, but below 1000 UI/L). In the univariable analysis, significant hepatotoxicity risk factors were male gender, alcohol abuse, an ingested paracetamol dose, and a timespan from ingestion to hospital admission. The later one was the only significant risk factor in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.12). <i>Conclusions</i>: A delay in hospital admission, resulting in a delayed administration of disease-specific treatment outweighs any other known risk factors of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/8/752paracetamolacetaminophendrug overdosehepatotoxicityliver injuryrisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Iwona Popiolek Piotr Hydzik Pawel Jagielski Monika Zrodlowska Karol Mystek Grzegorz Porebski Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults Medicina paracetamol acetaminophen drug overdose hepatotoxicity liver injury risk factor |
| title | Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults |
| title_full | Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults |
| title_fullStr | Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults |
| title_short | Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults |
| title_sort | risk factors for hepatotoxicity due to paracetamol overdose in adults |
| topic | paracetamol acetaminophen drug overdose hepatotoxicity liver injury risk factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/8/752 |
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