Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose
Herpes B virus is a deadly zoonotic agent that can be transmitted to humans from the macaque monkey, an animal widely used in biomedical research. Currently, there is no cure for human B virus infection and treatments require a life-long daily regimen of antivirals, namely acyclovir and ganciclovir....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/6/499 |
| _version_ | 1819101536051003392 |
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| author | Julia C. LeCher Nga Diep Peter W. Krug Julia K. Hilliard |
| author_facet | Julia C. LeCher Nga Diep Peter W. Krug Julia K. Hilliard |
| author_sort | Julia C. LeCher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpes B virus is a deadly zoonotic agent that can be transmitted to humans from the macaque monkey, an animal widely used in biomedical research. Currently, there is no cure for human B virus infection and treatments require a life-long daily regimen of antivirals, namely acyclovir and ganciclovir. Long-term antiviral treatments have been associated with significant debilitating side effects, thus, there is an ongoing search for alternative efficacious antiviral treatment. In this study, the antiviral activity of genistein was quantified against B virus in a primary cell culture model system. Genistein prevented plaque formation of B virus and reduced virus production with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 33 and 46 μM for human and macaque fibroblasts, respectively. Genistein did not interfere directly with viral entry, but instead targeted an event post-viral replication. Finally, we showed that genistein could be used at its IC<sub>50</sub> concentration in conjunction with both acyclovir and ganciclovir to reduce their effective dose against B virus with a 93% and 99% reduction in IC<sub>50</sub> values, respectively. The results presented here illuminate the therapeutic potential of genistein as an effective antiviral agent against B virus when used alone or in combination with current antiviral therapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:20:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6215929742043afb1b97bdc4c1c73a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:20:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6215929742043afb1b97bdc4c1c73a42022-12-21T18:43:45ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-05-0111649910.3390/v11060499v11060499Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective DoseJulia C. LeCher0Nga Diep1Peter W. Krug2Julia K. Hilliard3Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30189, USAViral Immunology Center, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USAViral Immunology Center, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USAViral Immunology Center, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USAHerpes B virus is a deadly zoonotic agent that can be transmitted to humans from the macaque monkey, an animal widely used in biomedical research. Currently, there is no cure for human B virus infection and treatments require a life-long daily regimen of antivirals, namely acyclovir and ganciclovir. Long-term antiviral treatments have been associated with significant debilitating side effects, thus, there is an ongoing search for alternative efficacious antiviral treatment. In this study, the antiviral activity of genistein was quantified against B virus in a primary cell culture model system. Genistein prevented plaque formation of B virus and reduced virus production with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 33 and 46 μM for human and macaque fibroblasts, respectively. Genistein did not interfere directly with viral entry, but instead targeted an event post-viral replication. Finally, we showed that genistein could be used at its IC<sub>50</sub> concentration in conjunction with both acyclovir and ganciclovir to reduce their effective dose against B virus with a 93% and 99% reduction in IC<sub>50</sub> values, respectively. The results presented here illuminate the therapeutic potential of genistein as an effective antiviral agent against B virus when used alone or in combination with current antiviral therapies.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/6/499herpes B virusmacacine herpesvirus-1genisteinflavonoidsacyclovirganciclovirantiviral agents |
| spellingShingle | Julia C. LeCher Nga Diep Peter W. Krug Julia K. Hilliard Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose Viruses herpes B virus macacine herpesvirus-1 genistein flavonoids acyclovir ganciclovir antiviral agents |
| title | Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose |
| title_full | Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose |
| title_fullStr | Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose |
| title_short | Genistein Has Antiviral Activity against Herpes B Virus and Acts Synergistically with Antiviral Treatments to Reduce Effective Dose |
| title_sort | genistein has antiviral activity against herpes b virus and acts synergistically with antiviral treatments to reduce effective dose |
| topic | herpes B virus macacine herpesvirus-1 genistein flavonoids acyclovir ganciclovir antiviral agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/6/499 |
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