Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications

This paper presents a single-substrate microstrip rectenna for dedicated radio frequency energy harvesting applications. The proposed configuration of the rectenna circuit is composed of a clipart moon-shaped cut in order to improve the antenna impedance bandwidth. The curvature of the ground plane...

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Main Authors: Somaya I. Kayed, Dalia N. Elsheakh, Hesham A. Mohamed, Heba A. Shawkey
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-05-01
Series:Micromachines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/1006
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author Somaya I. Kayed
Dalia N. Elsheakh
Hesham A. Mohamed
Heba A. Shawkey
author_facet Somaya I. Kayed
Dalia N. Elsheakh
Hesham A. Mohamed
Heba A. Shawkey
author_sort Somaya I. Kayed
collection DOAJ
description This paper presents a single-substrate microstrip rectenna for dedicated radio frequency energy harvesting applications. The proposed configuration of the rectenna circuit is composed of a clipart moon-shaped cut in order to improve the antenna impedance bandwidth. The curvature of the ground plane is modified with a simple U-shaped slot etched into it to improve the antenna bandwidth by changing the current distribution; therefore, this affects the inductance and capacitance embedded into the ground plane. The linear polarized ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) antenna is achieved by using 50 Ω microstrip line and build on Roger 3003 substrate with an area of 32 × 31 mm<sup>2</sup>. The operating bandwidth of the proposed UWB antenna extended from 3 GHz to 25 GHz at −6 dB reflection coefficient (VSWR ≤ 3) and extended from both 3.5 to 12 GHz, from 16 up to 22 GHz at −10 dB impedance bandwidth (VSWR ≤ 2). This was used to harvest RF energy from most of the wireless communication bands. In addition, the proposed antenna integrates with the rectifier circuit to create the rectenna system. Moreover, to implement the shunt half-wave rectifier (SHWR) circuit, a planar Ag/ZnO Schottky diode uses a diode area of 1 × 1 mm<sup>2</sup>. The proposed diode is investigated and designed, and its S-parameter is measured for use in the circuit rectifier design. The proposed rectifier has a total area of 40 × 9 mm<sup>2</sup> and operates at different resonant frequencies, namely 3.5 GHz, 6 GHz, 8 GHz, 10 GHz and 18 GHz, with a good agreement between simulation and measurement. The maximum measured output DC voltage of the rectenna circuit is 600 mV with a maximum measured efficiency of 25% at 3.5 GHz, with an input power level of 0 dBm at a rectifier load of 300 Ω.
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spelling doaj.art-b6226ea32b024d3cbf7d451f8ae2bbe42023-11-18T02:30:22ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-05-01145100610.3390/mi14051006Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting ApplicationsSomaya I. Kayed0Dalia N. Elsheakh1Hesham A. Mohamed2Heba A. Shawkey3Obour High Institute for Engineering and Technology, Cairo 11828, EgyptDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, EgyptElectronics Research Institute, Cairo 11843, EgyptElectronics Research Institute, Cairo 11843, EgyptThis paper presents a single-substrate microstrip rectenna for dedicated radio frequency energy harvesting applications. The proposed configuration of the rectenna circuit is composed of a clipart moon-shaped cut in order to improve the antenna impedance bandwidth. The curvature of the ground plane is modified with a simple U-shaped slot etched into it to improve the antenna bandwidth by changing the current distribution; therefore, this affects the inductance and capacitance embedded into the ground plane. The linear polarized ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) antenna is achieved by using 50 Ω microstrip line and build on Roger 3003 substrate with an area of 32 × 31 mm<sup>2</sup>. The operating bandwidth of the proposed UWB antenna extended from 3 GHz to 25 GHz at −6 dB reflection coefficient (VSWR ≤ 3) and extended from both 3.5 to 12 GHz, from 16 up to 22 GHz at −10 dB impedance bandwidth (VSWR ≤ 2). This was used to harvest RF energy from most of the wireless communication bands. In addition, the proposed antenna integrates with the rectifier circuit to create the rectenna system. Moreover, to implement the shunt half-wave rectifier (SHWR) circuit, a planar Ag/ZnO Schottky diode uses a diode area of 1 × 1 mm<sup>2</sup>. The proposed diode is investigated and designed, and its S-parameter is measured for use in the circuit rectifier design. The proposed rectifier has a total area of 40 × 9 mm<sup>2</sup> and operates at different resonant frequencies, namely 3.5 GHz, 6 GHz, 8 GHz, 10 GHz and 18 GHz, with a good agreement between simulation and measurement. The maximum measured output DC voltage of the rectenna circuit is 600 mV with a maximum measured efficiency of 25% at 3.5 GHz, with an input power level of 0 dBm at a rectifier load of 300 Ω.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/1006microstrip antennarectenna circuitmoon-shaped cutradio frequency (RF)energy harvesting (EH)planar Schottky diode (PSD)
spellingShingle Somaya I. Kayed
Dalia N. Elsheakh
Hesham A. Mohamed
Heba A. Shawkey
Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
Micromachines
microstrip antenna
rectenna circuit
moon-shaped cut
radio frequency (RF)
energy harvesting (EH)
planar Schottky diode (PSD)
title Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
title_full Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
title_fullStr Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
title_full_unstemmed Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
title_short Multiband Microstrip Rectenna Using ZnO-Based Planar Schottky Diode for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
title_sort multiband microstrip rectenna using zno based planar schottky diode for rf energy harvesting applications
topic microstrip antenna
rectenna circuit
moon-shaped cut
radio frequency (RF)
energy harvesting (EH)
planar Schottky diode (PSD)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/1006
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AT heshamamohamed multibandmicrostriprectennausingznobasedplanarschottkydiodeforrfenergyharvestingapplications
AT hebaashawkey multibandmicrostriprectennausingznobasedplanarschottkydiodeforrfenergyharvestingapplications