Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Abstract Background The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura [Fab.] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a devastating insect pest of several crops. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae are used as an alternative control measure in lieu of the hazardous synt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00390-w |
| _version_ | 1818361378711273472 |
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| author | Cynthia Ann Dichusa Rolando Ramos Sitaram Aryal Neil Pep Dave Sumaya Nanette Hope Sumaya |
| author_facet | Cynthia Ann Dichusa Rolando Ramos Sitaram Aryal Neil Pep Dave Sumaya Nanette Hope Sumaya |
| author_sort | Cynthia Ann Dichusa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura [Fab.] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a devastating insect pest of several crops. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae are used as an alternative control measure in lieu of the hazardous synthetic chemical applications. Results A survey of naturally occurring EPNs was conducted across the province of Cotabato, Philippines, covering a total of 5 municipalities with 25 villages. Galleria-baiting technique was employed to recover nematodes from peanut and grassland soils. Out of 50 soil samples collected, only 5 samples harbored nematodes, indicating a recovery of 10%. Preliminary morphological data identified only one EPN under the genera Heterorhabditis (1 isolate), whereas 4 were facultative necromenic nematodes from the genera Metarhabditis (2 isolates) and Oscheius (2 isolates). Analysis of D2D3 segments of the 28S rDNA confirmed high sequence similarity to Heterorhabditis indica, Metarhabditis rainai, Oscheius insectivora, and Oscheius sp. This is the first record of H. indica and M. rainai in the entire region, whereas the first record for Oscheius spp. in the Philippines. Furthermore, the biocontrol potential of the local H. indica infective juvenile (IJ) populations (PIGCD1) isolated from peanut was assessed against the tobacco cutworm, S. litura, under laboratory conditions. The mean percentage mortality caused by H. indica on S. litura at 7 different concentrations ranged from 0-100% at 24 h post inoculation. The lethal concentration (LC50) required to kill 50% of the S. litura larvae population with H. indica was 7.13±1 (IJs/larva). Conclusions The use of Galleria-baiting method is a convenient approach to detect EPNs including other facultative necromenic nematodes from the soils. Obtained data indicated that the local H. indica isolate can be a promising alternative measure to suppress the economically important insect pest, S. litura, and this may provide significant outlook to establish the biocontrol program in the country. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:15:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6262f98a3e14022a97fdaf1c77964f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2536-9342 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:15:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| series | Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6262f98a3e14022a97fdaf1c77964f82022-12-21T23:31:15ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control2536-93422021-04-0131111010.1186/s41938-021-00390-wSurvey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)Cynthia Ann Dichusa0Rolando Ramos1Sitaram Aryal2Neil Pep Dave Sumaya3Nanette Hope Sumaya4Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Southern MindanaoDepartment of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Southern MindanaoHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney UniversityDepartment of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Southern MindanaoFBL-Nematology Research Group, Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of TechnologyAbstract Background The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura [Fab.] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a devastating insect pest of several crops. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae are used as an alternative control measure in lieu of the hazardous synthetic chemical applications. Results A survey of naturally occurring EPNs was conducted across the province of Cotabato, Philippines, covering a total of 5 municipalities with 25 villages. Galleria-baiting technique was employed to recover nematodes from peanut and grassland soils. Out of 50 soil samples collected, only 5 samples harbored nematodes, indicating a recovery of 10%. Preliminary morphological data identified only one EPN under the genera Heterorhabditis (1 isolate), whereas 4 were facultative necromenic nematodes from the genera Metarhabditis (2 isolates) and Oscheius (2 isolates). Analysis of D2D3 segments of the 28S rDNA confirmed high sequence similarity to Heterorhabditis indica, Metarhabditis rainai, Oscheius insectivora, and Oscheius sp. This is the first record of H. indica and M. rainai in the entire region, whereas the first record for Oscheius spp. in the Philippines. Furthermore, the biocontrol potential of the local H. indica infective juvenile (IJ) populations (PIGCD1) isolated from peanut was assessed against the tobacco cutworm, S. litura, under laboratory conditions. The mean percentage mortality caused by H. indica on S. litura at 7 different concentrations ranged from 0-100% at 24 h post inoculation. The lethal concentration (LC50) required to kill 50% of the S. litura larvae population with H. indica was 7.13±1 (IJs/larva). Conclusions The use of Galleria-baiting method is a convenient approach to detect EPNs including other facultative necromenic nematodes from the soils. Obtained data indicated that the local H. indica isolate can be a promising alternative measure to suppress the economically important insect pest, S. litura, and this may provide significant outlook to establish the biocontrol program in the country.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00390-wEntomopathogenic nematodesNew isolatesSpodoptera lituraBiocontrolVirulence |
| spellingShingle | Cynthia Ann Dichusa Rolando Ramos Sitaram Aryal Neil Pep Dave Sumaya Nanette Hope Sumaya Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control Entomopathogenic nematodes New isolates Spodoptera litura Biocontrol Virulence |
| title | Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| title_full | Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| title_fullStr | Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| title_short | Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| title_sort | survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of cotabato philippines for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera noctuidae |
| topic | Entomopathogenic nematodes New isolates Spodoptera litura Biocontrol Virulence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00390-w |
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