The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise
The impact of age, sex and body mass index on interstitial glucose levels as measured via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during exercise in the healthy population is largely unexplored. We conducted a multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis on CGM data (Dexcom G6, 10 days)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9059 |
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| author | Ninoschka C. D’Souza Durmalouk Kesibi Christopher Yeung Dorsa Shakeri Ashwin I. D’Souza Alison K. Macpherson Michael C. Riddell |
| author_facet | Ninoschka C. D’Souza Durmalouk Kesibi Christopher Yeung Dorsa Shakeri Ashwin I. D’Souza Alison K. Macpherson Michael C. Riddell |
| author_sort | Ninoschka C. D’Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The impact of age, sex and body mass index on interstitial glucose levels as measured via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during exercise in the healthy population is largely unexplored. We conducted a multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis on CGM data (Dexcom G6, 10 days) collected from 119 healthy exercising individuals using CGM with the following specified covariates: age; sex; BMI; exercise type and duration. Females had lower postexercise glycemia as compared with males (92 ± 18 vs. 100 ± 20 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and a greater change in glycemia during exercise from pre- to postexercise (<i>p</i> = 0.001) or from pre-exercise to glucose nadir during exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Younger individuals (i.e., <20 yrs) had higher glucose during exercise as compared with all other age groups (all <i>p</i> < 0.05) and less CGM data in the hypoglycemic range (<70 mg/dL) as compared with those aged 20–39 yrs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Those who were underweight, based on body mass index (BMI: <18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), had higher pre-exercise glycemia than the healthy BMI group (104 ± 20 vs. 97 ± 17 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.02) but similar glucose levels after exercise. Resistance exercise was associated with less of a drop in glycemia as compared with aerobic or mixed forms of exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and resulted in a lower percent of time in the hypoglycemic (<i>p</i> = 0.04) or hyperglycemic (glucose > 140 mg/dL) (<i>p</i> = 0.03) ranges. In summary, various factors such as age, sex and exercise type appear to have subtle but potentially important influence on CGM measurements during exercise in healthy individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:28:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b62ef446fd224ba694b31d562aedb373 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:28:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b62ef446fd224ba694b31d562aedb3732023-11-24T15:05:11ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-11-012322905910.3390/s23229059The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during ExerciseNinoschka C. D’Souza0Durmalouk Kesibi1Christopher Yeung2Dorsa Shakeri3Ashwin I. D’Souza4Alison K. Macpherson5Michael C. Riddell6School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaThe Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, CanadaSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaThe impact of age, sex and body mass index on interstitial glucose levels as measured via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during exercise in the healthy population is largely unexplored. We conducted a multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis on CGM data (Dexcom G6, 10 days) collected from 119 healthy exercising individuals using CGM with the following specified covariates: age; sex; BMI; exercise type and duration. Females had lower postexercise glycemia as compared with males (92 ± 18 vs. 100 ± 20 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and a greater change in glycemia during exercise from pre- to postexercise (<i>p</i> = 0.001) or from pre-exercise to glucose nadir during exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Younger individuals (i.e., <20 yrs) had higher glucose during exercise as compared with all other age groups (all <i>p</i> < 0.05) and less CGM data in the hypoglycemic range (<70 mg/dL) as compared with those aged 20–39 yrs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Those who were underweight, based on body mass index (BMI: <18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), had higher pre-exercise glycemia than the healthy BMI group (104 ± 20 vs. 97 ± 17 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.02) but similar glucose levels after exercise. Resistance exercise was associated with less of a drop in glycemia as compared with aerobic or mixed forms of exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and resulted in a lower percent of time in the hypoglycemic (<i>p</i> = 0.04) or hyperglycemic (glucose > 140 mg/dL) (<i>p</i> = 0.03) ranges. In summary, various factors such as age, sex and exercise type appear to have subtle but potentially important influence on CGM measurements during exercise in healthy individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9059continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)exercisehypoglycemiahyperglycemiaBMIage |
| spellingShingle | Ninoschka C. D’Souza Durmalouk Kesibi Christopher Yeung Dorsa Shakeri Ashwin I. D’Souza Alison K. Macpherson Michael C. Riddell The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise Sensors continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) exercise hypoglycemia hyperglycemia BMI age |
| title | The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise |
| title_full | The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise |
| title_short | The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise |
| title_sort | impact of sex body mass index age exercise type and exercise duration on interstitial glucose levels during exercise |
| topic | continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) exercise hypoglycemia hyperglycemia BMI age |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9059 |
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