Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy
Regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein lacking the EF-hand motif, was initially discovered in 1978. Its name is indicative of its function in calcium signaling regulation. The <i>rgn</i> gene encodes for regucalcin and is situated on the X chromosome in both humans and vertebrates. Reguca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/22/5489 |
| _version_ | 1797459861125988352 |
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| author | Masayoshi Yamaguchi |
| author_facet | Masayoshi Yamaguchi |
| author_sort | Masayoshi Yamaguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein lacking the EF-hand motif, was initially discovered in 1978. Its name is indicative of its function in calcium signaling regulation. The <i>rgn</i> gene encodes for regucalcin and is situated on the X chromosome in both humans and vertebrates. Regucalcin regulates pivotal enzymes involved in signal transduction and has an inhibitory function, which includes protein kinases, protein phosphatases, cysteinyl protease, nitric oxide dynthetase, aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase, and protein synthesis. This cytoplasmic protein is transported to the nucleus where it regulates deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA synthesis as well as gene expression. Overexpression of regucalcin inhibits proliferation in both normal and cancer cells in vitro, independent of apoptosis. During liver regeneration in vivo, endogenous regucalcin suppresses cell growth when overexpressed. Regucalcin mRNA and protein expressions are significantly downregulated in tumor tissues of patients with various types of cancers. Patients exhibiting upregulated regucalcin in tumor tissue have shown prolonged survival. The decrease of regucalcin expression is linked to the advancement of cancer. Overexpression of regucalcin carries the potential for preventing and treating carcinogenesis. Additionally, extracellular regucalcin has displayed control over various types of human cancer cells. Regucalcin may hold a prominent role as a regulatory factor in cancer development. Supplying the regucalcin gene could prove to be a valuable asset in cancer treatment. The therapeutic value of regucalcin suggests its potential significance in treating cancer patients. This review delves into the most recent research on the regulatory role of regucalcin in human cancer development, providing a novel approach for treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:56:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b66d1e8678624af8a18a3636c781e485 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:56:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b66d1e8678624af8a18a3636c781e4852023-11-24T14:34:45ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-11-011522548910.3390/cancers15225489Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer TherapyMasayoshi Yamaguchi0Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo Street, Hawaii, HI 96813, USARegucalcin, a calcium-binding protein lacking the EF-hand motif, was initially discovered in 1978. Its name is indicative of its function in calcium signaling regulation. The <i>rgn</i> gene encodes for regucalcin and is situated on the X chromosome in both humans and vertebrates. Regucalcin regulates pivotal enzymes involved in signal transduction and has an inhibitory function, which includes protein kinases, protein phosphatases, cysteinyl protease, nitric oxide dynthetase, aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase, and protein synthesis. This cytoplasmic protein is transported to the nucleus where it regulates deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA synthesis as well as gene expression. Overexpression of regucalcin inhibits proliferation in both normal and cancer cells in vitro, independent of apoptosis. During liver regeneration in vivo, endogenous regucalcin suppresses cell growth when overexpressed. Regucalcin mRNA and protein expressions are significantly downregulated in tumor tissues of patients with various types of cancers. Patients exhibiting upregulated regucalcin in tumor tissue have shown prolonged survival. The decrease of regucalcin expression is linked to the advancement of cancer. Overexpression of regucalcin carries the potential for preventing and treating carcinogenesis. Additionally, extracellular regucalcin has displayed control over various types of human cancer cells. Regucalcin may hold a prominent role as a regulatory factor in cancer development. Supplying the regucalcin gene could prove to be a valuable asset in cancer treatment. The therapeutic value of regucalcin suggests its potential significance in treating cancer patients. This review delves into the most recent research on the regulatory role of regucalcin in human cancer development, providing a novel approach for treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/22/5489regucalcincancer suppressorcell signalingcell proliferationcarcinogenesisgene therapy |
| spellingShingle | Masayoshi Yamaguchi Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy Cancers regucalcin cancer suppressor cell signaling cell proliferation carcinogenesis gene therapy |
| title | Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy |
| title_full | Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy |
| title_short | Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy |
| title_sort | regucalcin is a potential regulator in human cancer aiming to expand into cancer therapy |
| topic | regucalcin cancer suppressor cell signaling cell proliferation carcinogenesis gene therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/22/5489 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT masayoshiyamaguchi regucalcinisapotentialregulatorinhumancanceraimingtoexpandintocancertherapy |