Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens
The egg production model (EPM) described here is a mechanistic and stochastic model that simulates the amino acid and energy requirements of laying hens. It takes into account their potential rate of laying, and egg weight over time, and the composition of the feed provided. The model predicts feed...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Animal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731123003324 |
| _version_ | 1797341235084525568 |
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| author | M.P. Reis N.T. Ferreira R.M. Gous N.K. Sakomura |
| author_facet | M.P. Reis N.T. Ferreira R.M. Gous N.K. Sakomura |
| author_sort | M.P. Reis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The egg production model (EPM) described here is a mechanistic and stochastic model that simulates the amino acid and energy requirements of laying hens. It takes into account their potential rate of laying, and egg weight over time, and the composition of the feed provided. The model predicts feed intake based on the assumption that hens will consume enough feed to reach their genetic potential. The environment is assumed to be non-limiting, although feed intake may be constrained by bulk capacity when bulky feeds are offered. The simulation model integrates a least-cost feed formulator, which enables the prediction of a feeding program that maximizes economic returns. A series of simulations were conducted to demonstrate the model behavior, external evaluation, and the economic optimization routine. The model behavior showed that as the energy content in the feed decreased, the simulated feed intake increased to compensate. Consequently, feeds with lower energy concentrations led to an overconsumption of nutrients, resulting in increased egg component weights (yolk and albumen). However, when the balanced protein was reduced while maintaining a constant energy-to-protein ratio, there was no change in egg components, consistent with published literature. The external evaluation indicated that feed intake, egg production, and egg weight were estimated with low error, and there was a similar trend observed between the estimated and observed data. This demonstrates the reliability of the model. Additionally, the paper provides a demonstration of how to use and interpret the results from the egg production model, including the economic optimization routine. The study found that a feed containing 7.8 g/kg of digestible lysine maximized economic returns. This optimization tool can be valuable in making nutritional decisions to optimize economic returns in an egg production system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:15:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b675acf78b874bdc8c8cb03c8de13ac6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-7311 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:15:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animal |
| spelling | doaj.art-b675acf78b874bdc8c8cb03c8de13ac62024-01-29T04:14:49ZengElsevierAnimal1751-73112022-09-0117101015Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hensM.P. Reis0N.T. Ferreira1R.M. Gous2N.K. Sakomura3Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Unesp Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, BrazilTrouw Nutrition Canada, 7504 Puslinch, Ontario, CanadaSchool of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Carbis Road, 3201 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South AfricaFaculdade De Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Unesp Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil; Corresponding author.The egg production model (EPM) described here is a mechanistic and stochastic model that simulates the amino acid and energy requirements of laying hens. It takes into account their potential rate of laying, and egg weight over time, and the composition of the feed provided. The model predicts feed intake based on the assumption that hens will consume enough feed to reach their genetic potential. The environment is assumed to be non-limiting, although feed intake may be constrained by bulk capacity when bulky feeds are offered. The simulation model integrates a least-cost feed formulator, which enables the prediction of a feeding program that maximizes economic returns. A series of simulations were conducted to demonstrate the model behavior, external evaluation, and the economic optimization routine. The model behavior showed that as the energy content in the feed decreased, the simulated feed intake increased to compensate. Consequently, feeds with lower energy concentrations led to an overconsumption of nutrients, resulting in increased egg component weights (yolk and albumen). However, when the balanced protein was reduced while maintaining a constant energy-to-protein ratio, there was no change in egg components, consistent with published literature. The external evaluation indicated that feed intake, egg production, and egg weight were estimated with low error, and there was a similar trend observed between the estimated and observed data. This demonstrates the reliability of the model. Additionally, the paper provides a demonstration of how to use and interpret the results from the egg production model, including the economic optimization routine. The study found that a feed containing 7.8 g/kg of digestible lysine maximized economic returns. This optimization tool can be valuable in making nutritional decisions to optimize economic returns in an egg production system.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731123003324Economic optimizationFeed intakeMechanistic modelPoultry nutritionSystem thinking |
| spellingShingle | M.P. Reis N.T. Ferreira R.M. Gous N.K. Sakomura Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens Animal Economic optimization Feed intake Mechanistic model Poultry nutrition System thinking |
| title | Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| title_full | Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| title_fullStr | Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| title_short | Update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| title_sort | update and evaluation of the egg production model in laying hens |
| topic | Economic optimization Feed intake Mechanistic model Poultry nutrition System thinking |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731123003324 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mpreis updateandevaluationoftheeggproductionmodelinlayinghens AT ntferreira updateandevaluationoftheeggproductionmodelinlayinghens AT rmgous updateandevaluationoftheeggproductionmodelinlayinghens AT nksakomura updateandevaluationoftheeggproductionmodelinlayinghens |